Mass transfer during drop formation on the nozzle: New flow expansion model

Mass transfer enhancement through Marangoni instabilities during single drop formation

“…Much experimental effort has been made in order to investigate the mass transfer rate during the drop formation [10]. Different experimental approaches have been established such as extrapolation methods to zero formation time or zero column height, the formation-collapse technique where the drop is withdrawn after formation by the same nozzle, or using short column heights (see literature cited in Walia and Vir [11]).…”

“…Different experimental approaches have been established such as extrapolation methods to zero formation time or zero column height, the formation-collapse technique where the drop is withdrawn after formation by the same nozzle, or using short column heights (see literature cited in Walia and Vir [11]). Every method has its advantages and shortcomings and is therefore subject to uncertainties [11,12] since many experimental difficulties arise due to short time and length scales [10].…”

The dynamic mass transfer of surfactants upon droplet formation in coaxial microfluidic devices

“…Among these, liquid-liquid extraction is an important unit operation with considerable industrial applications. Despite extensive studies on the dynamics of droplet formation in a liquid-liquid system (Javadi et al, 2006;Lu et al, 2010), mass transfer during droplet formation is complex.…”

Mass transfer into/from nanofluid drops in a spray liquid‐liquid extraction column

“…This technique is used as an energy-saving alternative to distillation in many industrial processes such as petrochemical, wastewater treatment, hydrometallurgical, and oil refining industries. 45 Mass transfer of a solute between a dispersed and a continuous phase is of high importance in many liquid/liquid extraction processes. It is clear that understanding the effective factors on this process and finding procedures to increase the efficiency of this process are invaluable.…”