The absolutely characterized nitrogen vacancy center-based single-photon source – measurement uncertainty of photon flux and angular emission properties

Rodiek, Beatrice; López, Marco; Hofer, Helmut; Kück, S.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/972/1/012008

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Using this, the collection efficiency from NV-centers was characterized to be between 80 and 83% depending on the orientation of the NV-center. This is a very similar value to the one that has been calculated for a specific single dipole orientation before [9]. The reason for the dependence of the collection efficiency from the orientation of the NV-center is that a horizontal and a vertical dipole's near-field evanescent waves are coupling into the medium with refractive index n 2 with different efficiencies.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Single-photon sources are promising candidates to be used in many quantum applications such as quantum key distribution and biomedical applications [1][2][3][4][5]. It is also discussed that single-photon sources may be able to become a new standard photon source in radiometry [6][7][8][9]. Here, the photon flux should be emitted, ideally, at one specific wavelength with a repetition rate higher than 10 6 photons per second, so that they can be detected with a low-noise analogue reference standard detector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NV-center can be operated at room temperature, has a high photostability [2,6,[10][11][12], exhibits a bright emission and the surrounding diamond crystal structure ensures robustness [13]. A single-photon source based on an NV-center in nanodiamond has already been absolutely calibrated, its absolute optical radiant flux and spectral power distribution are traced back to the national standards via an unbroken traceability chain [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the angular-dependent emission of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamond

et al. 2020

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We report on the characterization of the angular-dependent emission of single-photon emitters based on single nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers in nanodiamond at room temperature. A theoretical model for the calculation of the angular emission patterns of such an NV-center at a dielectric interface will be presented. For the first time, the orientation of the NV-centers in nanodiamond was determined from back focal plane images of NV-centers and by comparison of the theoretical and experimental angular emission pattern. Furthermore, the orientation of the NV-centers was also obtained from measurements of the fluorescence intensity in dependence on the polarization angle of the linearly polarized excitation laser. The results of these measurements are in good agreement. Moreover, the collection efficiency in this setup was calculated to be higher than 80% using the model of the angular emission of the NV-centers.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the angular-dependent emission of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamond

et al. 2020

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“…Its photon flux, its spectral radiant flux as well as the purity of the single-photon emission were measured in a traceable manner. The standard measurement uncertainty for the photon flux was about 4% [33], see also Fig. 1.…”

Section: The Nitrogen-vacancy Centre In Diamond As Single-photon Sourcementioning

confidence: 95%

“…1 a Traceability chain for the metrological characterization of a single-photon source in terms of its absolute spectral photon flux, adapted from [32]; b Absolute spectral photon flux of the single-photon source (blue curve). The calculation of the presented measurement uncertainty (red strap) is described in [33]. Taken from [33]…”

Section: The Nitrogen-vacancy Centre In Diamond As Single-photon Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Single photon sources for quantum radiometry: a brief review about the current state-of-the-art

et al. 2022

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Single-photon sources have a variety of applications. One of these is quantum radiometry, which is reported on in this paper in the form of an overview, specifically of the current state of the art in the application of deterministic single photon sources to the calibration of single photon detectors. To optimize single-photon sources for this purpose, extensive research is currently carried out at the European National Metrology Institutes (NMIs), in collaboration with partners from universities. Single-photon sources of different types are currently under investigation, including sources based on defect centres in (nano-)diamonds, on molecules and on semiconductor quantum dots. We will present, summarise, and compare the current results obtained at European NMIs for single-photon sources in terms of photon flux, single-photon purity, and spectral power distribution as well as the results of single-photon detector calibrations carried out with this type of light sources.

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Bright single-photon emission from a GeV center in diamond under a microfabricated solid immersion lens at room temperature

Christinck

Hirt

Hofer

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Physics

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We report on the metrological characterization of the emission from a germanium-vacancy center in diamond under a microfabricated solid immersion lens in a confocal laser-scanning microscope setup. Ge ions were implanted into a synthetic diamond at 3 MeV, and germanium-vacancy centers were then formed by subsequent annealing. Afterward, solid immersion lenses were fabricated in a focused ion beam scanning electron microscope. The photoluminescence was investigated at room temperature in terms of the spectral distribution, the excited state lifetime, the second-order correlation function, and the saturation behavior, proving simultaneous high single-photon purity and high brightness. Two methods were exploited to minimize the residual multi-photon probability: spectral filtering and temporal filtering. According to these results, we assume that Raman scattered photons and emission from neighboring color centers play an important role in the residual multi-photon emission probability. The system efficiency of the single-photon source was investigated and found to be in accordance with the value calculated from all sources of loss in the setup. The branching ratio of the germanium-vacancy center for the decay into the ground state and into metastable state was calculated. The results enable the usage of the single-photon source in future quantum radiometric experiments.

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The absolutely characterized nitrogen vacancy center-based single-photon source – measurement uncertainty of photon flux and angular emission properties

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Characterization of the angular-dependent emission of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamond

Characterization of the angular-dependent emission of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamond

Single photon sources for quantum radiometry: a brief review about the current state-of-the-art

Bright single-photon emission from a GeV center in diamond under a microfabricated solid immersion lens at room temperature

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