The ability of crab and cockle shell to adsorb lead and chromium from industrial effluent

Abstract

:The ability of crab shell (Scylla serata) and cockle shell (Anadara granosa)

Lead Reduction on Polluted Water and Sediment through The Use of Anadara granosa shells and Monostroma nitidum Biological Filters

“…Similarly, in the passive intake process, Pb ions are attached to the walls of biosorbent cells, both through the exchange of ions on the cell walls with the heavy metal ions and through the formation of complex compounds between the heavy metal ions and functional groups like carbonyl, amino, thiol, hydroxy, phosphate, and carboxyl-hydroxy in a back-and-forth and fast way (Milojković et al, 2016). The presence of A. granosa shells dissolved in acid pH in a water area can affect the Pb level in that area due to the CaCO3 content of the A. granosa shells that can cause a chemical reaction where the Ca atoms will be released easily and bind with heavy metals to form complex bonds (Budin et al, 2014). As with M. nitidum seaweed, it will absorb the heavy metals with a passive uptake process (Abdel -Aty et al, 2013).…”

Performance of a modified and intermittently operated slow sand filter with two different mediums in removing turbidity, ammonia, and phosphate with varying acclimatization periods

“…1 b). Blood clam ( Anadara granosa ) shells were proven to be good mediums and abundantly available in the research area [ 15 , 31 , 32 ]. The blood clams were subjected to a series of preparation steps, including cleaning, mechanical pulverization, and sifting, resulting in effective sizes (ES) of 0.25 mm and 0.42 mm.…”