The 60- and 70-kDa heat-shock proteins and their correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

We investigated the association between circulating levels of 60 and 70 kDa heat-shock proteins (HSP60 and 70) and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS). This crosssectional study included 311 Brazilian women (age ≥45 years with amenorrhea ≥12 months). Women showing three or more of the following diagnostic criteria were diagnosed with MetS: waist circumference (WC) ≥88 cm, blood pressure ≥130/ 85 mmHg, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) <50 mg/dl, and glucose ≥100 mg/dl. Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters were collected. HSP60, HSP70, antibodies to HSP60 and HSP70, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured in serum. Student's t test, Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. Of the 311 women, 30.9 % (96/311) were diagnosed with MetS. These women were, on average, obese with abdominal fat deposition and had lower HDL values as well as higher triglycerides and glucose levels. Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistant (HOMA-IR) test values in these women were compatible with insulin resistance (P <0.05). CRP and HSP60 concentrations were higher in women with MetS than in women without MetS (P <0.05). HSP60, anti-HSP70, and CRP concentrations increased with the number of features indicative of MetS (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between anti-HSP70 and WC, blood pressure and HOMA-IR, and between CRP and WC, blood pressure, glucose, HOMA-IR, and triglycerides (P <0.05). In postmenopausal women, serum HSP60 and anti-HSP70 concentrations increased with accumulating features of the metabolic syndrome. These results suggest a greater immune activation that is associated with cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.

Extracellular cell stress (heat shock) proteins—immune responses and disease: an overview

“…B 373: 20160522 Hsp27 renal disease elevated serum and urine levels in chronic kidney disease [85] autoimmunity serum levels may be a novel marker for diabetic neuropathy in patients with Type 1 diabetes [86] chronic heart failure soluble Hsp27 is a novel candidate biomarker for diagnosing CHF with preserved ejection fraction [87] Hsp60 stress association between elevated levels of Hsp60, low socioeconomic status and social isolation in males and females, and with psychological distress in women [88] cardiovascular disease elevated serum levels in patients with renal and peripheral vascular disease and individuals with borderline hypertension. Serum levels in individuals with hypertension are similar to normotensive controls [89 -92] elevated levels present in coronary eluates after myocardial infarction [93] serum levels increase with accumulating features of the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women [94] endothelium-dependent vasodilator function is impaired in children with detectable levels of serum Hsp60. Circulating Hsp60, or factors that stimulate the expression and systemic release of Hsp60, may contribute to the initiation of arterial disease in early life [95] association between higher levels of plasma Hsp60 in subjects with clinically manifest cardiovascular disease and those with a history of myocardial infarction in diabetes mellitus [96] infections plasma Hsp60 levels are elevated in HIV-infected patients.…”

Extracellular cell stress proteins as biomarkers of human disease

“…It is worth mentioning that most commercially available enzyme immunoassays for cell stress proteins are optimized for free Hsp70 in buffer, but not for Hsp70 in the serum, Serum levels may be a novel marker for diabetic neuropathy in patients with Type 1 diabetes [52] Hsp60 Stress Association between elevated levels of Hsp60, low socioeconomic status and social isolation in males and females, and with psychological distress in women [53] Cardiovascular disease Elevated serum levels in patients with renal and peripheral vascular disease and individuals with borderline hypertension. Serum levels in individuals with hypertension are similar to normotensive controls [25,28,54,55] Elevated levels present in coronary eluates after myocardial infarction [56] Serum levels increase with accumulating features of the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women [57] Endothelium-dependent vasodilator function is impaired in children with detectable levels of serum Hsp60. Circulating Hsp60, or factors that stimulate the expression and systemic release of Hsp60, may contribute to the initiation of arterial disease in early life [58] Association between higher levels of plasma Hsp60 in subjects with clinically manifest cardiovascular disease and those with a history of myocardial infarction in diabetes mellitus [29] Infections Plasma Hsp60 levels are elevated in HIV-infected patients.…”

Exosomal Heat Shock Proteins as New Players in Tumour Cell-to-Cell Communication

“…The use of Hsp60 as a biomarker for disease has recently been proposed and some researchers are studying the use of potential Hsp60 inhibitor agents in the treatment of certain diseases, including cancer [64,96]. In heart failure, Hsp60 is released by cardiomyocytes and its presence in the serum may be correlated with the severity of the disease and cardiovascular risk [77,97]. Moreover, Gupta and Knowlton [98] demonstrated that Hsp60 is released by adult cardiomyocytes through an exosome-mediated process in both the basal state and following mild stress.…”