The 3D Printing in Material Research and Medical Physics Education and Its Accuracy Study

Abstract

This study aims to construct prototypes using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology as a research apparatus and a physics education instrument, particularly in medical physics education. Two main designs of prototypes have been arranged. Two foam NaCl templates are drawn using computer-aided design (CAD) software. Image processing techniques achieve a 3D model of a thoracic vertebra. All 3D model data are printed using polylactic acid (PLA) filament. The prints of foam NaCl templates are utilized for holding the NaCl powder. The prototype of a human vertebra is used for visualization of the real condition of the human bone anatomy. The results of the prototypes are analyzed to investigate the similarity between the model and the prints. This investigation is done using a Vernier Caliper and CT Scan. The measurement using Caliper shows a higher percentage in likeness than the CT-Scan. All the accuracy study shows they have more than 83% in similarity. It can be concluded that all built prototypes have prominent exactitude and can support the material research using the printed NaCl templates. Hereafter, a bone mock-up’s genuine perception can function for further application, such as implant or surgery planning.

Finite Element Analysis of Patient Specific Bone Plate with Ti6Al4V Material Selection

“…Conversion of CT data into volumetric models and then segmentation and cleanup to produce a model of the iliac bone requires a significant amount of data processing, artifact, noise removal, and what to segment and remove the volume. Three preliminary studies using Radiant have demonstrated that these steps can produce high percentages above 80 % in similarity dimensions among CT data, the volumetric model, and the 3D prints [24][25][26]. Therefore, the resulting model in this study presumes to have a high accuracy representation of the bone.…”

“…Segmentation will cut the region of interest in the iliac area to be separated by outer parts. The segmentation step is also executed using Radiant software by utilizing sculpt tool [25,26]. The segmented iliac bone in the display view of Radiant software is converted into the 3D model.…”

“…However, the commercial plate is manufactured in the straight line and does not follow the specific-patient's surface. 3D model for implant designing is done using Autodesk Powershape [26].…”

3D-printed medical models supply chain: barriers modeling and analysis

“…These cause barriers influenced the net receivers, providing real-time visibility to all the concerned 3DPMM supply chain partners (McMillan et al , 2020; Damon et al , 2020). Design and customization experts (Choonara et al , 2016; Mobbs et al , 2017) and high-skilled data analysts (Cacciamani et al , 2019; Sahoo et al , 2020) can help the supply chain to overcome the problems of medical model accuracy (Tappa and Jammalamadaka, 2018; Asmaria et al , 2020). Our findings revealed that limited materials options (Liu et al , 2020; Alkhaibary et al , 2020), slow production speed (Pietrzak et al , 2015; Pavlov and Valkov, 2020), manual post-processing (Hirsch et al , 2020), high-skilled data analyst (Cacciamani et al , 2019; Sahoo et al , 2020) and simulation accuracy (Gibson et al , 2012; Tel et al , 2020) are the key driving factors for the 3DPMM supply chain, which find support from the literature.…”