The 1991 WMO International ozonesonde intercomparison at Vanscoy, Canada

Kerr, J. B.; Fast, H.; McElroy, C. T.; Oltmans, S. J.; Lathrop, J. A.; Kyrö, E.; Paukkunen, A.; Claude, H.; Köhler, Ulf; Sreedharan, C. R.; Takao, Toshinori; Tsukagoshi, Y.

doi:10.1080/07055900.1994.9649518

Cited by 73 publications

(85 citation statements)

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“…The results of short-term ozonesonde intercomparison campaigns (e.g. Beekmann et al, 1994;Kerr et al, 1994;Smit et al, 1998) indicate that in the lower stratosphere (12-27 km) the systematic difference between sonde types is less than 5%, and the random variability from one sonde to another is less than 5% for all sonde types.…”

Section: Ozonesondesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assimilation of EOS MLS ozone observations in the Met Office data‐assimilation system

Jackson¹

2007

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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ABSTRACT:In this paper the impact of Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder (EOS MLS) observations on ozone analyses is investigated using the Met Office data-assimilation system. EOS MLS was launched in 2004, and produces high-quality ozone observations in the upper troposphere and stratosphere at high vertical and horizontal resolution. The experiments shown here are run using 3D-Var and a forecast model that has 50 levels -from the surface to approximately 63 km -and a horizontal resolution of 2.5°latitude by 3.75°longitude. Most of the experiments are run for the period January-February 2005.The chief impact of assimilating EOS MLS data is a reduction of the mean analysis error, and of the standard deviation, in the lower stratosphere. Compared with control simulations, mean errors drop by 5%-25% in the Southern-Hemisphere extratropics, by around 10% in the Northern-Hemisphere extratropics, and by around 50% (with respect to ozonesondes) in the region of the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.Further investigation shows that the improved ozone analyses in the Southern Hemisphere largely result from a much better representation of summertime low-ozone events. These events have been documented in the northern summer stratosphere, but never before in the southern summer stratosphere. In the Northern Hemisphere the addition of EOS MLS to the assimilation system is shown to lead to a better representation of winter polar ozone depletion. At low latitudes, it appears that errors in the background model transport fields often lead to errors in the ozone analysis, but that the addition of high-density, good-quality EOS MLS data alleviates much of this error. It is noted that the EOS MLS data have a more beneficial impact on ozone analyses in this region than do data from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, which has a similar resolution and observational error to EOS MLS.  Crown

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Section: Ozonesondesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assimilation of EOS MLS ozone observations in the Met Office data‐assimilation system

Jackson¹

2007

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…In later intercomparisons (Kerr et al, 1994;Smit et al, 1996;Deshler et al, 2008), the KC sondes have shown a low bias of about 5 % in the lower stratosphere, and the BM has generally shown a low bias as well. The Indian sonde has generally shown little bias in the lower stratosphere, but somewhat lower precision than the other non-ECC sondes.…”

Section: Global Ozonesonde Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precision of other sonde types is somewhat poorer, at about 5-10 % (Kerr et al, 1994;Smit et al, 1996). In early intercomparisons Dütsch, 1970, 1981), the Indian and the GDR sonde showed significantly poorer precision than other sonde types.…”

Section: Global Ozonesonde Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When properly prepared and handled, ECC ozonesondes have a precision of 3-5 % (1-σ ) and an absolute accuracy of about 5 % in the stratosphere (Kerr et al, 1994;Smit et al, 2007;Deshler et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2009). The ozone sensor response time (e −1 ) of about 25 s gives the sonde a vertical resolution of about 100 m for a typical balloon ascent rate of 4 m s −1 .…”

Section: Global Ozonesonde Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A global ozone climatology from ozone soundings via trajectory mapping: a stratospheric perspective

et al. 2013

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Abstract. This study explores a domain-filling trajectory approach to generate a global ozone climatology from relatively sparse ozonesonde data. Global ozone soundings comprising 51 898 profiles at 116 stations over 44 yr are used, from which forward and backward trajectories are calculated from meteorological reanalysis data to map ozone measurements to other locations and so fill in the spatial domain. The resulting global ozone climatology is archived monthly for five decades from the 1960s to the 2000s on a grid of 5 • × 5 • × 1 km (latitude, longitude, and altitude), from the surface to 26 km altitude. It is also archived yearly for the same period. The climatology is validated at 20 selected ozonesonde stations by comparing the actual ozone sounding profile with that derived through trajectory mapping of ozone sounding data from all stations except the one being compared. The two sets of profiles are in good agreement, both overall with correlation coefficient r = 0.991 and root mean square (RMS) of 224 ppbv and individually with r from 0.975 to 0.998 and RMS from 87 to 482 ppbv. The ozone climatology is also compared with two sets of satellite data from the Satellite Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) and the Optical Spectrography and InfraRed Imager System (OSIRIS). The ozone climatology compares well with SAGE and OSIRIS data in both seasonal and zonal means. The mean differences are generally quite small, with maximum differences of 20 % above 15 km. The agreement is better in the Northern Hemisphere, where there are more ozonesonde stations, than in the Southern Hemisphere; it is also better in the middle and high latitudes than in the tropics where reanalysis winds are less accurate. This ozone climatology captures known features in the stratosphere as well as seasonal and decadal variations of these features. The climatology clearly shows the depletion of ozone from the 1970s to the mid 1990s and ozone increases in the 2000s in the lower stratosphere. When this climatology is used as the upper boundary condition in an Environment Canada operational chemical forecast model, the forecast is improved in the vicinity of the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere (UTLS) region. This ozone climatology is latitudinally, longitudinally, and vertically resolved and it offers more complete high latitude coverage as well as a much longer record than current satellite data. As the climatology depends on neither a priori data nor photochemical modeling, it provides independent information and insight that can supplement satellite data and model simulations of stratospheric ozone.

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“…Such comparisons have a rich heritage in previous field campaigns comparing various methods to measure ozone (Hilsenrath et al, 1986;Kerr et al, 1994;Margitan et al, 1995;Komhyr et al, 1995b;Meijer et al, 2004). The MOZAIC data sets (e.g., Thouret et al, 1998Thouret et al, , 2006, obtained from in-service aircraft provide a comparison to tropospheric ozonesonde measurements especially at the tropopause, where ozone profiles are at their minimum values.…”

Section: Need For Homogenization Of Ecc Ozonesonde Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods to homogenize electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde measurements across changes in sensing solution concentration or ozonesonde manufacturer

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Ozone plays a significant role in the chemical and radiative state of the atmosphere. For this reason there are many instruments used to measure ozone from the ground, from space, and from balloons. Balloon-borne electrochemical cell ozonesondes provide some of the best measurements of the ozone profile up to the mid-stratosphere, providing high vertical resolution, high precision, and a wide geographic distribution. From the mid-1990s to the late 2000s the consistency of long-term records from balloon-borne ozonesondes has been compromised by differences in manufacturers, Science Pump (SP) and ENSCI (EN), and differences in recommended sensor solution concentrations, 1.0 % potassium iodide (KI) and the one-half dilution: 0.5 %. To investigate these differences, a number of organizations have independently undertaken comparisons of the various ozonesonde types and solution concentrations, resulting in 197 ozonesonde comparison profiles. The goal of this study is to derive transfer functions to allow measurements outside of standard recommendations, for sensor composition and ozonesonde type, to be converted to a standard measurement and thus homogenize the data to the expected accuracy of 5 % (10 %) in the stratosphere (troposphere). Subsets of these data have been analyzed previously and intermediate transfer functions derived. Here all the comparison data are analyzed to compare (1) differences in sensor solution composition for a single ozonesonde type, (2) differences in ozonesonde type for a single sensor solution composition, and (3) the World Meteorological Organization's (WMO) and manufacturers' recommendations of 1.0 % KI solution for Science Pump and 0.5 % KI for ENSCI. From the recommendations it is clear that ENSCI ozonesondes and 1.0 % KI solution result in higher amounts of ozone sensed. The results indicate that differences in solution composition and in ozonesonde type display little pressure dependence at pressures ≥ 30 hPa, and thus the transfer function can be characterized as a simple ratio of the less sensitive to the more sensitive method. This ratio is 0.96 for both solution concentration and ozonesonde type. The ratios differ at pressures < 30 hPa such that OZ 0.5% /OZ 1.0 % = 0.90 + 0.041 · log 10 (p) and OZ SciencePump /OZ ENSCI = 0.764 + 0.133 · log 10 (p) for p in units of hPa. For the manufacturer-recommended solution concentrations the dispersion of the ratio (SP-1.0 / EN-0.5 %), while significant, is generally within 3 % and centered near 1.0, such that no changes are recommended. For stations which have used multiple ozonesonde types with solution concentrations different from the WMO's and manufacturer's recommendations, this work suggests that a reasonably homogeneous data set can be created if the quantiPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 2022T. Deshler et al.: Methods to homogenize ECC ozonesonde measurements tative relationships specified above are applied to the nonstandard measurements. This result is illustrated here ...

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The 1991 WMO International ozonesonde intercomparison at Vanscoy, Canada

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 73 publications

References 4 publications

Assimilation of EOS MLS ozone observations in the Met Office data‐assimilation system

Assimilation of EOS MLS ozone observations in the Met Office data‐assimilation system

A global ozone climatology from ozone soundings via trajectory mapping: a stratospheric perspective

Methods to homogenize electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde measurements across changes in sensing solution concentration or ozonesonde manufacturer

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