The 1-way on-line coupled model system MECO(n) – Part 4: Chemical evaluation (based on MESSy v2.52)

Mertens, Mariano; Kerkweg, Astrid; Jöckel, Patrick; Tost, H.; Hofmann, Christiane

doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3545-2016

Cited by 20 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…MECO(n) uses a modular infrastructure and combines the ECHAM global model with n-times nested COSMO models. It includes comprehensive chemistry, additional diagnostics and coupling between model domains (for more details see [39][40][41]). For the analysis of aircraft observations, a hindcast of the ML-CIRRUS campaign period is performed, by nudging model meteorology to ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) reanalysis data (=Newtonian relaxation of model data to ECMWF data).…”

Section: Hindcastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The WeCare project (Utilizing Weather information for Climate efficient and eco efficient future aviation), an internal project of the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt, DLR), aimed at finding solutions for reducing the climate impact of aviation based on an improved understanding of the atmospheric impact from aviation by making use of measurements and modeling approaches. WeCare made some important contributions to advance the scientific understanding in the area of atmospheric and air transportation research. We characterize contrail properties, show that the aircraft type significantly influences these properties, and how contrail-cirrus interacts with natural cirrus. Aviation NO x emissions lead to ozone formation and we show that the strength of the ozone enhancement varies, depending on where within a weather pattern NO x is emitted. These results, in combination with results on the effects of aerosol emissions on low cloud properties, give a revised view on the total radiative forcing of aviation. The assessment of a fleet of strut-braced wing aircraft with an open rotor is investigated and reveals the potential to significantly reduce the climate impact. Intermediate stop operations have the potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption. However, we find that, if only optimized for fuel use, they will have an increased climate impact, since non-CO 2 effects compensate the reduced warming from CO 2 savings. Avoiding climate sensitive regions has a large potential in reducing climate impact at relatively low costs. Taking advantage of a full 3D optimization has a much better eco-efficiency than lateral re-routings, only. The implementation of such operational measures requires many more considerations. Non-CO 2 aviation effects are not considered in international agreements. We showed that climate-optimal routing could be achieved, if market-based measures were in place, which include these non-CO 2 effects. An alternative measure to foster climate-optimal routing is the closing of air spaces, which are very climate-sensitive. Although less effective than an unconstrained optimization with respect to climate, it still has a significant potential to reduce the climate impact of aviation. By combining atmospheric and air transportation research, we assess climate mitigation measures, aiming at providing information to aviation stakeholders and policy-makers to make aviation more climate compatible.

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Section: Hindcastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project

et al. 2017

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“…Here, results are shown from simulations using a setup as published by Mertens et al (2016). A COSMO/MESSy instance over Europe (0.44 • resolution) was coupled to the global EMAC domain.…”

Section: Use Of Specific Diagnostic Tools: Radiative Forcingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 COSMO is the regional weather prediction model of the Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (Steppeler et al, 2003;Doms and Schättler, 1999) and the community model of the German regional climate research (Rockel et al, 2008). By implementing the MESSy interface, the COSMO model was expanded to a regional chemistry (climate) model (Kerkweg and Jöckel, 2012a;Mertens et al, 2016). 5 The Community Earth System Model version 1.2.1 (CESM1) is a fully coupled climate model.…”

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confidence: 99%

The on-line coupled atmospheric chemistry model system MECO(n) – Part 5: Expanding the Multi-Model-Driver (MMD v2.0) for 2-way data exchange including data interpolation via GRID (v1.0)

et al. 2018

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Abstract. As part of the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy), the Multi-Model-Driver (MMD v1.0) was developed to couple online the regional Consortium for Smallscale Modeling (COSMO) model into a driving model, which can be either the regional COSMO model or the global European Centre Hamburg general circulation model (ECHAM) (see Part 2 of the model documentation). The coupled system is called MECO(n), i.e., MESSy-fied ECHAM and COSMO models nested n times. In this article, which is part of the model documentation of the MECO(n) system, the second generation of MMD is introduced. MMD comprises the message-passing infrastructure required for the parallel execution (multiple programme multiple data, MPMD) of different models and the communication of the individual model instances, i.e. between the driving and the driven models. Initially, the MMD library was developed for a one-way coupling between the global chemistry-climate ECHAM/MESSy atmospheric chemistry (EMAC) model and an arbitrary number of (optionally cascaded) instances of the regional chemistry-climate model COSMO/MESSy. Thus, MMD (v1.0) provided only functions for unidirectional data transfer, i.e. from the larger-scale to the smallerscale models.Soon, extended applications requiring data transfer from the small-scale model back to the larger-scale model became of interest. For instance, the original fields of the larger-scale model can directly be compared to the upscaled small-scale fields to analyse the improvements gained through the smallscale calculations, after the results are upscaled. Moreover, the fields originating from the two different models might be fed into the same diagnostic tool, e.g. the online calculation of the radiative forcing calculated consistently with the same radiation scheme. Last but not least, enabling the two-way data transfer between two models is the first important step on the way to a fully dynamical and chemical two-way coupling of the various model instances.In MMD (v1.0), interpolation between the base model grids is performed via the COSMO preprocessing tool INT2LM, which was implemented into the MMD submodel for online interpolation, specifically for mapping onto the rotated COSMO grid. A more flexible algorithm is required for the backward mapping. Thus, MMD (v2.0) uses the new MESSy submodel GRID for the generalised definition of arbitrary grids and for the transformation of data between them.In this article, we explain the basics of the MMD expansion and the newly developed generic MESSy submodel GRID (v1.0) and show some examples of the abovementioned applications.

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“…The set-up of the simulation is identical to the one described in Grewe et al (2017). A detailed chemical evaluation of the set-up is given in Mertens et al (2016). Both model simulations are based on the quasi chemistrytransport model (QCTM) mode in which the chemistry is decoupled from the dynamics (Deckert et al, 2011).…”

Section: Model Description Of Emac and Meco(n)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An advanced method of contributing emissions to short-lived chemical species (OH and HO<sub>2</sub>): the TAGGING 1.1 submodel based on the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy 2.53)

2018

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Abstract. To mitigate the human impact on climate change, it is essential to determine the contribution of emissions to the concentration of trace gases. In particular, the source attribution of short-lived species such as OH and HO 2 is important as they play a crucial role for atmospheric chemistry. This study presents an advanced version of a tagging method for OH and HO 2 (HO x ) which attributes HO x concentrations to emissions. While the former version (V1.0) only considered 12 reactions in the troposphere, the new version (V1.1), presented here, takes 19 reactions in the troposphere into account. For the first time, the main chemical reactions for the HO x chemistry in the stratosphere are also regarded (in total 27 reactions). To fully take into account the main HO 2 source by the reaction of H and O 2 , the tagging of the H radical is introduced. In order to ensure the steady-state assumption, we introduce rest terms which balance the deviation of HO x production and loss. This closes the budget between the sum of all contributions and the total concentration. The contributions to OH and HO 2 obtained by the advanced tagging method V1.1 deviate from V1.0 in certain source categories. For OH, major changes are found in the categories biomass burning, biogenic emissions and methane decomposition. For HO 2 , the contributions differ strongly in the categories biogenic emissions and methane decomposition. As HO x reacts with ozone (O 3 ), carbon monoxide (CO), reactive nitrogen compounds (NO y ), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and peroxyacyl nitrates (PAN), the contributions to these species are also modified by the advanced HO x tagging method V1.1. The contributions to NO y , NMHC and PAN show only little change, whereas O 3 from biogenic emissions and methane decomposition increases in the tropical troposphere. Variations for CO from biogenic emissions and biomass burning are only found in the Southern Hemisphere.

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The 1-way on-line coupled model system MECO(n) – Part 4: Chemical evaluation (based on MESSy v2.52)

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project

Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project

The on-line coupled atmospheric chemistry model system MECO(n) – Part 5: Expanding the Multi-Model-Driver (MMD v2.0) for 2-way data exchange including data interpolation via GRID (v1.0)

An advanced method of contributing emissions to short-lived chemical species (OH and HO<sub>2</sub>): the TAGGING 1.1 submodel based on the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy 2.53)

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The 1-way on-line coupled model system MECO(n) – Part 4: Chemical evaluation (based on MESSy v2.52)

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project

Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project

The on-line coupled atmospheric chemistry model system MECO(n) – Part 5: Expanding the Multi-Model-Driver (MMD v2.0) for 2-way data exchange including data interpolation via GRID (v1.0)

An advanced method of contributing emissions to short-lived chemical species (OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;): the TAGGING 1.1 submodel based on the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy 2.53)

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An advanced method of contributing emissions to short-lived chemical species (OH and HO<sub>2</sub>): the TAGGING 1.1 submodel based on the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy 2.53)