That’s a good one! Belief in efficacy of mnemonic strategies contributes to age-related increase in associative memory

Daugherty, Ana M.; Ofen, Noa

doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2015.02.008

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…The expected developmental differences, however, were only partially confirmed. With respect to the development of associative memory, our data are in line with earlier findings that report an increase in memory performance between childhood and adulthood (e.g., Daugherty & Ofen, ; Shing et al ., , ). Despite pronounced differences in memory accuracy, the effect of semantic relatedness was virtually the same in adults and children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…While there is extensive research on age‐related deficits in associative memory, little attention was dedicated to its development. So far, studies suggest prolonged maturation of associative memory through middle childhood and adolescence (Daugherty & Ofen, ; Shing, Werkle‐Bergner, Li, & Lindenberger, , ). Moreover, associative memory in children seems to be more prone to false recognition errors than memory for single items (Shing et al ., , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The picture superiority effect in associative memory: A developmental study

Baadte

Meinhardt‐Injac

2019

British J of Dev Psycho

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We tested whether semantic relatedness between to-be-remembered items and item presentation format (pictorial vs. verbal) affects associative recall. Fifty-nine children (11-13 years old) and forty young adults (age 18-30) completed a learning and recall task for semantically related (e.g., padlock-key) and unrelated (e.g., lemon-piano) picture-picture, word-picture, and word-word pairs. The data revealed memory advantage for semantically related item pairs, and for pictures compared to words. A picture superiority effect was found exclusively for pure picture pairs. Despite pronounced differences in memory accuracy, the effect of semantic relatedness and the picture superiority effect were comparable in adults and children. Semantic relatedness and pictures seem to trigger deeper semantic processing of associated items. Our results suggest distinct contributions of semantic binding and memory strategies to associative memory, while the last seem to account particularly for age-related differences in associative recall. Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject?Recognition advantage for picture over word stimuli, known as the picture superiority effect. PSE is found for single and associated picture over word items. Conflicting data about developmental aspects of the PSE.What does this study add? PSE is modulated by pre-existing semantic relations between picture stimuli. Semantic relation seems to modulate the PSE to a lesser extent in children than in adults. The cognitive processes behind the PSE might change with age.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The picture superiority effect in associative memory: A developmental study

Baadte

Meinhardt‐Injac

2019

British J of Dev Psycho

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“…One of the contributing factors to improvement in memory functioning is the increased ability for spontaneous use of elaborative mnemonic strategies (Bjorklund & Douglas, 1997; Ofen, Yu, & Chen, 2016). This ability increases significantly from childhood into adulthood (Bjorklund & Douglas, 1997; Schneider & Pressley 1997; Gathercole, 1998; Schneider et al, 2004; Daugherty & Ofen, 2015) and benefits memory performance in adults (Camp et al 1983; Dunlosky & Hertzog, 1998). In one developmental study, Daugherty and Ofen (2015) reported an increase in the spontaneous use of elaborative strategies in adolescents and young adults compared to children: children tend to rely on simple or no (“shallow”) strategies such as “say the word pair once,” whereas adolescents and young adults predominantly depend on elaborative (“deep”) mnemonic strategies during word pair encoding such as “associate with a personal experience”.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ability increases significantly from childhood into adulthood (Bjorklund & Douglas, 1997; Schneider & Pressley 1997; Gathercole, 1998; Schneider et al, 2004; Daugherty & Ofen, 2015) and benefits memory performance in adults (Camp et al 1983; Dunlosky & Hertzog, 1998). In one developmental study, Daugherty and Ofen (2015) reported an increase in the spontaneous use of elaborative strategies in adolescents and young adults compared to children: children tend to rely on simple or no (“shallow”) strategies such as “say the word pair once,” whereas adolescents and young adults predominantly depend on elaborative (“deep”) mnemonic strategies during word pair encoding such as “associate with a personal experience”. Age-associated increase in spontaneous use of elaborative mnemonic strategies may underlie the robust age-associated enhancement in memory performance between childhood and adulthood (Ofen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-associated increase in mnemonic strategy use is linked to prefrontal cortex development

McCall

Homayouni

et al. 2018

NeuroImage

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Memory functioning undergoes dynamic changes between childhood and adulthood. Spontaneous use of elaborative strategies, which can enhance the recall of information, expands with age and contributes to age-associated improvement in memory functioning. Findings from lesion and neuroimaging studies suggest that the ability to use elaborative strategies is dependent upon intact functioning of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), particularly the dorsolateral PFC region. Because the PFC undergoes protracted maturation, we examined whether age difference in the structure of the PFC is correlated with age-associated increase in strategy use. Here, we investigated the relationship between PFC volume and spontaneous strategy use in a sample of 120 participants aged 5-25 years. We assessed semantic clustering during recall with a standardized word-list recall task (California Verbal Learning Task children's version, CVLT-C) and computed PFC regional volumes from participants' structural brain images. We observed an age-associated increase in the use of semantic clustering and an age-associated decrease in volumes of the PFC. Further, we found that smaller PFC volume was linked to increased use of semantic clustering. Importantly, the volume of the right dorsolateral PFC partially explained the relation between age and the use of semantic clustering. These findings suggest that PFC maturation supports the development of strategy use and lends further support for the notion that brain-behavior relations change across development.

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“…Furthermore, our longitudinal evidence shows for the first time that activity associated with ongoing memory processing and failure to recollect target memory details predicts developmental change in memory and decision-making during middle childhood, a period marked by notable improvements in memory and metacognition (Ghetti and Angelini 2008;Daugherty and Ofen 2015). While such developmental links have been hypothesized based on behavioral evidence from different age groups (Hembacher and Ghetti 2014), our results suggest a possible neural mechanism by which children become sensitive to factors that influence ongoing stimulus processing such as salience, prior errors or retrieval fluency, to guide subsequent memory decisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The Importance of Knowing When You Don't Remember: Neural Signaling of Retrieval Failure Predicts Memory Improvement Over Time

et al. 2016

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Just as the ability to remember prior events is critical for guiding our decision-making, so too is the ability to recognize the limitations of our memory. Indeed, we hypothesize that neural signaling of retrieval failure promotes more accurate memory judgments over time. To test this hypothesis, we collected longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 8 to 9 years olds, 10 to 12 years olds, and adults, with two time points spaced approximately 1.4 years apart (198 scan sessions in total). Participants performed an episodic memory retrieval task in which they could either select a response or report uncertainty about the target memory detail. Children who engaged anterior insula more strongly during inaccurate or uncertain responses exhibited greater longitudinal increases in anterior prefrontal cortex activation for decisions to report uncertainty; both of these neural variables predicted improvements in episodic memory. Together, the results suggest that the brain processes supporting effective cognitive control and decision-making continue to develop in middle childhood and play an important role for memory development.

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That’s a good one! Belief in efficacy of mnemonic strategies contributes to age-related increase in associative memory

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

The picture superiority effect in associative memory: A developmental study

The picture superiority effect in associative memory: A developmental study

Age-associated increase in mnemonic strategy use is linked to prefrontal cortex development

The Importance of Knowing When You Don't Remember: Neural Signaling of Retrieval Failure Predicts Memory Improvement Over Time

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