Thai Native Chicken as a Potential Functional Meat Source Rich in Anserine, Anserine/Carnosine, and Antioxidant Substances

Abstract

This study identified anserine and anserine/carnosine in chicken breast of Thai native chicken (TNC; 100% Thai native), Thai synthetic chicken (TSC; 50% Thai native), and Thai native crossbred chicken (TNC crossbred; 25% Thai native) compared with commercial broiler chicken (BR; 0% Thai native) using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and the effect on antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH). We conducted experiments with a completely randomized design and explored principal components analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to identify the distinguishing metabolites and relative concentrations from 1H NMR spectra among the groups. The relative concentrations and antioxidant properties among the groups were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the general linear model (GLM). This study revealed seven metabolites alanine, inositol monophosphate (IMP), inosine, and anserine/carnosine, lactate, anserine, and creatine. Lactate, anserine, and creatine were major components. In terms of PCA, the plots can distinguish BR from other groups. OPLS-DA revealed that anserine and anserine/carnosine in the chicken breast were significantly higher in TNC, TSC, and TNC crossbred than BR according to their relative concentrations and antioxidant properties (p < 0.01). Therefore, TNCs and their crossbreeds might have the potential to be functional meat sources.

Genetic Evaluation of Body Weights and Egg Production Traits Using a Multi-Trait Animal Model and Selection Index in Thai Native Synthetic Chickens (Kaimook e-san2)

“…Additionally, the antioxidant properties of TSC, in terms of anserine and anserine/carnosine, were comparable with those of TNC but higher than in a commercial broiler chicken [3]. However, in our previous studies, we realized that, regardless of whether the native fraction was decreased (i.e., 25% Thai native genetics), the potential bioactive ingredients did not differ from 50% in TSC but were higher than those in commercial broilers [3]. Therefore, it was hypothesized that chickens with 25% Thai native genetics would have better growth performances than those that were 50% Thai native.…”

“…The cumulative egg production of TSC was 182 eggs, higher than TNC cumulative egg production of 176 eggs [14]. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of TSC, in terms of anserine and anserine/carnosine, were comparable with those of TNC but higher than in a commercial broiler chicken [3]. However, in our previous studies, we realized that, regardless of whether the native fraction was decreased (i.e., 25% Thai native genetics), the potential bioactive ingredients did not differ from 50% in TSC but were higher than those in commercial broilers [3].…”

“…Nowadays, consumers are interested in good-tasting and healthy food enriched with naturally bioactive ingredients. Poultry meat is therefore widely consumed due to its components such as peptide proteins, fatty acids, and antioxidants [1][2][3][4][5], which are found in higher concentrations in native breeds compared with commercial breeds [1][2][3]6,7]. Native chickens are generally raised in almost every household in developing countries including Thailand, which has almost 3 million native chicken farmers with 116,019,532 birds, accounting for 23% of the total poultry production [8].…”

Detection of Balenine in Mouse Plasma after Administration of Opah-Derived Balenine by HPLC with PITC Pre-Column Derivatization

“…Bal has also been detected in the muscles of cetaceans, such as sperm whales, blue whales, and fin whales, and in snakes, such as sea snakes and cobras [ 1 ]. In contrast to the few studies on the functionality of Bal, many studies on the antioxidant activities of Car and Ans have been published [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Human trials have demonstrated that supplementation with Car reduces plasma soluble transferrin receptor and serum resistin concentrations in obese subjects [ 9 , 10 ], similar to in vitro studies.…”

The Association of Dopamine Receptor D2 (DRD2) and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) Polymorphisms on Egg Production in High Egg Strain of Pradu Hangdum Chiangmai Chickens

“…Moreover, meat of native chicken has lower contents of fat and cholesterol ( Jaturasitha et al, 2016;Bungsrisawat et al, 2018). Thai native and Thai native crossbred chicken showed high anserine anserine/carnosine antioxidant substances carcass and meat quality yields (Charoensin et al, 2021). Eggs are considered rich sources of protein and iron (Kusum et al, 2018).…”