Textured TNZT surfaces via hydrothermal treatments for bone implant applications

Advances of plant and biomass extracted zirconium nanoparticles in dental implant application

“… [ 114 ] Self-assembly nanoislands Subtractive morphology, roughness, and biocompatibility in vitro bone mineralization is quite high in nanosurfaces. [ 115 ] Hydrothermal treatment Subtractive Physicochemical testing encourage surface nanotexturization [ 116 ] …”

Review on synthesis, properties and multifarious therapeutic applications of nanostructured zirconia in dentistry

“…Blackert et al , 2018 (ref. 81 ) aimed to investigate the physical and chemical attributes of nano-TNZT (Ti–35Nb–7Zr–5Ta-titanium based alloy with reducing quantity of Nb, Zr, Ta). Vacuum arc melting was used to produce TNZT alloy and immersed in sodium hydroxide solution followed by assessment of physical and chemical properties.…”

“… 87 Another study had successfully grown Ti–35Nb–7Zr–5Ta nano scaffolds on TNZT via hydrothermal treatment with sodium hydroxide solution. 81 A novel, sophisticated method was reported in the literature, harnessing solid state laser sculpting to a generate a hierarchically roughened zirconia surface at the meso-, micro- and nanoscale. This experimental approach yielded better integration at the bone-implant interface by expediting osteogenic differentiation without compromising the cellular proliferation.…”