Texture control of fluorine-doped tin oxide thin film

Electrical and Optical Properties of Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

“…This phenomenon leads to higher carrier concentration, which is shown in Figure 4. Similar trends were observed in [4]. …”

“…FTO is mechanically, chemically and electrochemically stable [3], and it is utilized in numerous technologies including; thin film solar cells [4], dielectric layers in low emissivity coatings for windows [5], in gas sensors applications [6] and in liquid crystal displays [7]. There are a number of methods/techniques to grow SnO2 (either doped or un-doped) films, including chemical vapor deposition [8], pulsed laser deposition [9], DC reactive sputtering [10] and spray pyrolysis [11].…”

Morphology control of fluorine-doped tin oxide thin films for enhanced light trapping

“…The origins of the observed preferred orientations of (110), (200), and (301) and their corresponding crystal morphologies may be considered in terms of periodic band chains (PBC) theory [32,33]. According to this theory, the different faces of SnO 2 can be classified into flat (F), stepped (S) and kinked (K) faces based on the number of PBCs parallel to the face (hkl).…”

“…(301) was an important plane which would become the preferential orientation when FTO deposited from water-based solution [33]. The preferential orientation of (301) means the formation of crystallites which faces consist of {110} faces and {101} twin planes.…”

A new type of counter electrode for dye sensitized solar cells based on solution processed SnO2 and activated carbon

“…1(e) reveals that the deposited film consists of small, dense crystallites of around 50 nm in diameter. Previous studies on FTO prepared by spray pyrolysis at 475 1C reported the formation of micron size grains [29], and the difference in size may be due to the different deposition techniques. Further evidence is presented in the latter part of this paper.…”