Textile-Integrated Thermocouples for Temperature Measurement

Root, Waleri; Bechtold, Thomas; Pham, Tung

doi:10.3390/ma13030626

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Carbon fiber is a special type of fibrous material obtained by carbonizing and graphitizing organic fibers and combining adjacent carbon atoms into a planar network [ 14 ]. Carbon fiber materials usually contain more than 90% carbon [ 14 , 15 ], and they have excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, wear resistance, high electrical conductivity, and corrosion resistance, as well as remarkable anisotropy, flexibility, and processability [ 16 ]. Carbon fiber material is a superhydrophobic material because it consists of inert carbon atoms, with almost no active functional groups on the surface and very low surface chemical activity [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of a Lead Head Made of the Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite for the Temporary Cardiac Pacemaker

Zhou

Lin

Yang

et al. 2021

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications

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Compared with traditional leads, carbon fiber composite leads have a series of advantages such as lightweight, soft texture, and high conductivity. In this experiment, we attempted to improve the existing carbon-fiber-based TTCP metal leads by using carbon-fiber-graphene-woven leads or conductive cloth, so as to solve a series of defects of TTCP metal leads commonly used in the clinical temporary cardiac pacemaker. We performed a series of measurements, including resistance comparisons and stability checks on the finished product characteristics. The results showed that the resistivity of the whole lead did not change significantly after modification, and the carbon fiber bundle was stable and easily deformed under lower stress to reduce the damage to the myocardium, which had excellent clinical application value.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of a Lead Head Made of the Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite for the Temporary Cardiac Pacemaker

Zhou

Lin

Yang

et al. 2021

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications

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show abstract

“…Body temperature is predominantly monitored by wearables operating either on the principles of a thermocouple or by exploiting a phenomenon of a change in electrical resistance with temperature (quantified by the Temperature Coefficient of Resistance—TCR) [ 174 ]. Concerning the former, when two junctions composed of dissimilar conductors are exposed to different temperatures, a voltage proportional to a temperature difference is generated.…”

Section: The Opportunities Offered By Wearable Sensors From Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotube Wearable Sensors for Health Diagnostics

Rdest

Janas

2021

Sensors

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This perspective article highlights a recent surge of interest in the application of textiles containing carbon nanotube (CNT) sensors for human health monitoring. Modern life puts more and more pressure on humans, which translates into an increased number of various health disorders. Unfortunately, this effect either decreases the quality of life or shortens it prematurely. A possible solution to this problem is to employ sensors to monitor various body functions and indicate an upcoming disease likelihood at its early stage. A broad spectrum of materials is currently under investigation for this purpose, some of which already entered the market. One of the most promising materials in this field are CNTs. They are flexible and of high electrical conductivity, which can be modulated upon several forms of stimulation. The article begins with an illustration of techniques for how wearable sensors can be built from them. Then, their application potential for tracking various health parameters is presented. Finally, the article ends with a summary of this field’s progress and a vision of the key directions to domesticate this concept.

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“…A third article discusses the concept of integrating thermocouple sensors in the fabric [21]; however, the authors focus on the manufacturing process and do not consider real-life measurement precision. A final study discusses the use of yarn-based sensors woven into textiles [22]; while interesting results regarding the time constants of these sensors are presented, they were obtained by affixing the material to a hot plate, which differs from real-life conditions.…”

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thermal Model for Processing Data from Undergarment Sensors in Automatic Control of Actively Heated Clothing

et al. 2021

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Despite its recent growth in popularity, actively heated clothing still lacks the ability to cope with demanding user scenarios. As many of these deficiencies stem from an absence of automatic control, the authors propose a novel approach using a set of sensors embedded in the clothing to provide data about thermal comfort. Available sensors suffer from a lack of accuracy, as for practical reasons, they cannot be attached to the skin, whose temperature is usually used as a comfort indicator. To determine the magnitude of the problem, the authors conducted experiments, and a thermal model was proposed based on experimental findings; the output from the model was compared with the experimental reference data for three different upper body undergarments. The overall accuracy was found to be good: in most cases, the difference between the computed and reference skin temperatures did not exceed 0.5 °C. Furthermore, the model does not rely on unrealistic assumptions regarding the availability of parameters or measurement data. Our findings demonstrate that it is possible to create a thermal model that, when used for input data processing, allows undergarment temperature to be converted to skin temperature, allowing for automatic control of heating insets.

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Textile-Integrated Thermocouples for Temperature Measurement

Cited by 28 publications

References 89 publications

Fabrication of a Lead Head Made of the Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite for the Temporary Cardiac Pacemaker

Fabrication of a Lead Head Made of the Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite for the Temporary Cardiac Pacemaker

Carbon Nanotube Wearable Sensors for Health Diagnostics

A Thermal Model for Processing Data from Undergarment Sensors in Automatic Control of Actively Heated Clothing

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