Tetrazine as a general phototrigger to turn on fluorophores

Abstract

Tetrazine was demonstrated for the first time as a general phototrigger to design photoactivatable fluorophore probes.

Quantitative interrogation of protein co-aggregation using multi-color fluorogenic protein aggregation sensors

“…Future color enrichment of the sensor toolbox by developing novel protein aggregation sensors from solvatochromic uorophores, uorescent molecular rotors, and AIEgens may improve the detection multiplexity for more complex disease model systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease. [93][94][95]…”

Overview of Syntheses and Molecular-Design Strategies for Tetrazine-Based Fluorogenic Probes

“…Considering the super-resolution imaging capabilities of tetrazine-functionalized fluorophores produced via iEDDA reactions, this reaction serves as a molecular tool for fluorescent bioimaging and will provide a better understanding of the dynamic nature of biological systems. Although tetrazine-functionalized fluorophores exhibit promising potential [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], there are several limitations that must be overcome. For instance, (1) the strained olefin still needs to be washed off before treatment with the tetrazine fluorophore, (2) the electrophilic nature of tetrazine renders it unstable (depending on its substituents) against nucleophiles, and (3) the hydrophobic nature of tetrazine increases the possibility of it partaking in non-specific binding.…”

BODIPYs with Photoactivatable Fluorescence

“…Indeed, several examples of photoactivatable BODIPYs based on either the photoregulation of the relaxation dynamics of the excited fluorophore (a in Figure 1) or the photocontrol of the absorption properties of its ground state (b in Figure 1) have been reported already. [86][87][88][89][90][91]…”

“…Compounds 1-12 incorporate a BODIPY fluorophore and one or two photocleavable groups in their molecular skeleton (Figures 3 and 4). [86][87][88][89][90][91] Their photochemical conversion from initial reactant to final product has negligible influence on the wavelengths for the absorption ( In λ Ab and Fi λ Ab in Table 1) and emission ( In λ Em and Fi λ Em ) maxima of the BODIPY component, but increases significantly its fluorescence quantum yield ( In ϕ Fl and Fi ϕ Fl ). As a result, their photoactivation translates into a dramatic enhancement in emission intensity (a in Figure 1).…”