Tetrabutylammonium (TBA)-Doped Methylammonium Lead Iodide: High Quality and Stable Perovskite Thin Films

Bouich, Amal; Marí-Guaita, Júlia; Sahraoui, Bouchta; Palacios, Pablo; Marı́, B.

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2022.840817

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…The rutile TiO 2 was found to possess submicron particles consisting of a few fused needle-shaped nanoparticles. The nano-resolution imaging of these particles revealed the presence of nanocrystalline domains, corresponding with data of other authors [16][17][18].…”

Section: Phase Name Content (%)supporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of TiO2 Nanoparticle Impact on Surface Morphology of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

et al. 2022

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The process of nanoparticles entering the cells of living organisms is an important step in understanding the influence of nanoparticles on biological processes. The interaction of nanoparticles with the cell membrane is the first step in the penetration of nanoparticles into cells; however, the penetration mechanism is not yet fully understood. This work reported the study of the interaction between TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using an in vitro model. The characterization of crystalline phases of TiO2 NPs was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Interaction of these TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2- NPs) with the CHO cell membrane was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD analysis result showed that the structure of the TiO2 particles was in the rutile phase with a crystallite size of 60 nm, while the AFM result showed that the particle size distribution had two peaks with 12.1 nm and 60.5 nm. The TEM analysis confirmed the rutile phase of TiO2 powder. Our study showed that exposure of CHO cells to TiO2-NPs caused morphological changes in the cell membranes and influenced the viability of cells. The TiO2-NPs impacted the cell membrane surface; images obtained by AFM revealed an ‘ultra structure‘ with increased roughness and pits on the surface of the membrane. The depth of the pits varied in the range of 40–80 nm. The maximal depth of the pits after the treatment with TiO2-NPs was 100% higher than the control values. It is assumed that these pits were caveolae participating in the endocytosis of TiO2-NPs. The research results suggest that the higher maximal depth of the pits after the exposure of TiO2-NPs was determined by the interaction of these TiO2-NPs with the cell’s plasma membrane. Moreover, some of pits may have been due to plasma membrane damage (hole) caused by the interaction of TiO2-NPs with membrane constituents. The analysis of AFM images demonstrated that the membrane roughness was increased with exposure time of the cells to TiO2-NPs dose. The average roughness after the treatment for 60 min with TiO2-NPs increased from 40 nm to 78 nm. The investigation of the membrane by Raman spectroscopy enabled us to conclude that TiO2-NPs interacted with cell proteins, modified their conformation, and potentially influenced the structural damage of the plasma membrane.

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Section: Phase Name Content (%)supporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of TiO2 Nanoparticle Impact on Surface Morphology of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

et al. 2022

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“…SCAPS-1D is a solar-cell capacitance software that is used to calculate the functional parameters of the solar cell, such as short circuit current (

), open-circuit voltage (

), Fill factor (FF%), and power-conversion efficiency (PCE%), based on the input parameters given in Table 3 and Table 4 and the absorption profile for each layer [ 57 , 58 ]. SACPS-1D, over years, has proven to be a significant tool for understanding the physics of solar cells and it has been comprehensively used for perovskite solar cells [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Surface Coating, Humidity Degradation, and Recovery of Perovskite Film Phase for Solar-Cell Applications

et al. 2022

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Presently, we inquire about the organic/inorganic cation effect on different properties based on structure, morphology, and steadiness in preparing a one-step solution of APbI3 thin films, where A = MA, FA, Cs, using spin coating. This study was conducted to understand those properties well by incorporating device modeling using SCAPS-1D software and to upgrade their chemical composition. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the crystal structures. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were conducted to characterize the surface morphology; photoluminescence, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and a UV–Visible spectrometer helped us to study the optical properties. The (110) plane is where we found the perovskite’s crystalline structure. According to the XRD results and by changing the type of cation, we influence stabilization and the growth of the APbI3 absorber layer. Hither, a homogenous, smooth-surfaced, pinhole-free perovskite film and large grain size are results from the cesium cation. For the different cations, the band gap’s range, revealed by the optical analysis, is from 1.4 to 1.8 eV. Moreover, the stability of CsPbI3 remains excellent for two weeks and in a ~60% humid environment. Based on the UV–Visible spectrometer and photoluminescence characterization, a numerical analysis for fabricated samples was also performed for stability analysis by modeling standard solar-cell structures HTL/APbI3/ETL. Modeling findings are in good agreement with experimental results that CsPbI3 is more stable, showing a loss % in PCE of 14.28%, which is smaller in comparison to FAPbI3 (44.46%) and MAPbI3 (20.24%).

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“…Suppressing Sn 2+ oxidation is, therefore, an appropriate approach to improving and stabilizing the device performance; this can be achieved by adding SnF 2 or excess SnI 2 , Furthermore, the fabrication process greatly affects the morphology of the perovskite layer. Since tin perovskite crystallizes rapidly and is very soluble, fabrication methods are limited for tin perovskite films [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacture of High-Efficiency and Stable Lead-Free Solar Cells through Antisolvent Quenching Engineering

et al. 2022

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Antisolvent quenching has shown to significantly enhance several perovskite films used in solar cells; however, no studies have been conducted on its impact on MASnI3. Here, we investigated the role that different antisolvents, i.e., diethyl ether, toluene, and chlorobenzene, have on the growth of MASnI3 films. The crystallinity, morphology, topography, and optical properties of the obtained thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) measurements, and UV–visible spectroscopy. The impact of the different antisolvent treatments was evaluated based on the surface homogeneity as well as the structure of the MASnI3 thin films. In addition, thermal annealing was optimized to control the crystallization process. The applied antisolvent was modified to better manage the supersaturation process. The obtained results support the use of chlorobenzene and toluene to reduce pinholes and increase the grain size. Toluene was found to further improve the morphology and stability of thin films, as it showed less degradation after four weeks under dark with 60% humidity. Furthermore, we performed a simulation using SCAPS-1D software to observe the effect of these antisolvents on the performance of MASnI3-based solar cells. We also produced the device FTO/TiO2/MASnI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au, obtaining a remarkable photoconversion efficiency (PCE) improvement of 5.11% when using the MASnI3 device treated with chlorobenzene. A PCE improvement of 9.44% was obtained for the MASnI3 device treated with toluene, which also showed better stability. Our results support antisolvent quenching as a reproducible method to improve perovskite devices under ambient conditions.

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Tetrabutylammonium (TBA)-Doped Methylammonium Lead Iodide: High Quality and Stable Perovskite Thin Films

Cited by 35 publications

References 36 publications

Assessment of TiO2 Nanoparticle Impact on Surface Morphology of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

Assessment of TiO2 Nanoparticle Impact on Surface Morphology of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

Investigation of the Surface Coating, Humidity Degradation, and Recovery of Perovskite Film Phase for Solar-Cell Applications

Manufacture of High-Efficiency and Stable Lead-Free Solar Cells through Antisolvent Quenching Engineering

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