Tests and investigations for colorectal cancer screening

Carroll, Magdalen; Seaman, Helen E.; Halloran, Stephen P

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.04.019

Cited by 80 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…Noninvasive stool tests are an attractive alternative for colorectal cancer screening due to their low cost and suitability for home use or in a primary care setting. However, the aversion to stool handling for gFOBT and FITs may limit the acceptance of stool tests (7). Bloodbased tests may be more readily accepted by patients for many medical conditions, and surveys conducted in individuals eligible for colorectal cancer screening showed a strong preference for collection of blood over feces (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a 5-Marker Blood Test for Colorectal Cancer Early Detection in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Setting

Werner

Krause

Rolny

et al. 2016

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose: In initial studies that included colorectal cancer patients undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy, we had identified a serum marker combination able to detect colorectal cancer with similar diagnostic performance as fecal immunochemical test (FIT). In this study, we aimed to validate the results in participants of a large colorectal cancer screening study conducted in the average-risk, asymptomatic screening population.Experimental Design: We tested serum samples from 1,200 controls, 420 advanced adenoma patients, 4 carcinoma in situ patients, and 36 colorectal cancer patients with a 5-marker blood test [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)þanti-p53þosteopontinþ sepraseþferritin]. The diagnostic performance of individual markers and marker combinations was assessed and compared with stool test results.Results: AUCs for the detection of colorectal cancer and advanced adenomas with the 5-marker blood test were 0.78 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.68-0.87] and 0.56 (95% CI, 0.53-0.59), respectively, which now is comparable with guaiacbased fecal occult blood test (gFOBT) but inferior to FIT. With cutoffs yielding specificities of 80%, 90%, and 95%, the sensitivities for the detection of colorectal cancer were 64%, 50%, and 42%, and early-stage cancers were detected as well as late-stage cancers. For osteopontin, seprase, and ferritin, the diagnostic performance in the screening setting was reduced compared with previous studies in diagnostic settings while CEA and anti-p53 showed similar diagnostic performance in both settings.Conclusions: Performance of the 5-marker blood test under screening conditions is inferior to FIT even though it is still comparable with the performance of gFOBT. CEA and anti-p53 could contribute to the development of a multiple marker blood-based test for early detection of colorectal cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a 5-Marker Blood Test for Colorectal Cancer Early Detection in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Setting

Werner

Krause

Rolny

et al. 2016

Clinical Cancer Research

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“…Both fecal DNA and RNA are known to represent CRC-related molecular targets (51)(52)(53). Our previous studies also reported various molecules that are differentially expressed in human feces (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, human feces have been used as research material in CRC (51). Both fecal DNA and RNA are known to represent CRC-related molecular targets (51)(52)(53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of genes from feces correlated with colorectal cancer progression

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered to develop slowly via a progressive accumulation of genetic mutations. Markers of CRC may serve to provide the basis for decision-making, and may assist in cancer prevention, detection and prognostic prediction. DNA and messenger (m)RNA molecules that are present in human feces faithfully represent CRC manifestations. In the present study, exogenous mouse cells verified the feasibility of total fecal RNA as a marker of CRC. Furthermore, five significant genes encoding solute carrier family 15, member 4 (SLC15A4), cluster of differentiation (CD)44, 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1), placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8) and growth arrest-specific 2 (GAS2), which are differentially expressed in the feces of CRC patients, were verified in different CRC cell lines using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The present study demonstrated that the mRNA level of SLC15A4 was increased in the majority of CRC cell lines evaluated (SW1116, LS123, Caco-2 and T84). An increased level of CD44 mRNA was only detected in an early-stage CRC cell line, SW1116, whereas OXCT1 was expressed at higher levels in the metastatic CRC cell line CC-M3. In addition, two genes, PLAC8 and GAS2, were highly expressed in the recurrent CRC cell line SW620. Genes identified in the feces of CRC patients differed according to their clinical characteristics, and this differential expression was also detected in the corresponding CRC cell lines. In conclusion, feces represent a good marker of CRC and can be interpreted through the appropriate CRC cell lines. IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is considered to develop slowly via the progressive accumulation of genetic mutations (1,2). Genes that regulate cell growth and differentiation must be altered in cancerous cells in the process of tumorigenesis (3,4). Markers of CRC may provide the basis for decision-making regarding intensive chemotherapy or molecule-targeting drugs in CRC patients (5-7). Therefore, the identification of markers may assist in cancer prevention, detection and prognostic prediction (5,8,9), thereby increasing survival rates (10). Molecular markers (11) have their own clinical significance in CRC (12).In CRC, both sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy are considered to be the gold standards regarding detection rates. However, these clinical examinations have drawbacks in terms of their risk and inconvenience (13,14

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“…Although the gFOBT is still the most widely used CRC screening test in Europe, several FIT programs or pilots have been launched in Europe, Asia, Canada, and Australia. [28][29][30] Stool DNA tests Another noninvasive screening option is stool DNA testing. These tests are based on detection of 1 or more tumor-associated genetic and epigenetic markers in cells shed into the stool.…”

Section: Fecal Immunochemical Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Garborg

2015

Surgical Clinics of North America

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Tests and investigations for colorectal cancer screening

Cited by 80 publications

References 177 publications

Evaluation of a 5-Marker Blood Test for Colorectal Cancer Early Detection in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Setting

Evaluation of a 5-Marker Blood Test for Colorectal Cancer Early Detection in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Setting

Discovery of genes from feces correlated with colorectal cancer progression

Colorectal Cancer Screening

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