Testing whether ecological factors promote cladogenesis in a group of tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)

Barraclough, Timothy G.; Hogan, James E.; Vogler, Alfried P.

doi:10.1098/rspb.1999.0744

Cited by 89 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The ingroup dataset consisted of 24 terminals; two of which were provisional (NV-48.1, OR-65.1) and excluded from some analyses where data were absent. Phylogenetic reconstruction was conducted individually for cob and cox1 using the ingroup dataset plus 26 cob and 20 cox1 outgroup sequences (Vogler and Welsh 1997;Barraclough et al 1999;Pons et al 2004;Vogler et al 2005). The inclusion of several outgroups was a precautionary measure to accomodate any potential polyphyly of the groups of interest (Barraclough and Vogler 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular genetics of Cicindela (Cylindera) terricola and elevation of C. lunalonga to species level, with comments on its conservation status

et al. 2006

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Cicindela (Cylindera) terricola Say is one of the most widespread and variable species of Nearctic Cicindelidae with six recognized subspecies. Cicindela t. lunalonga Schaupp (1884) is known from few museum specimens collected prior to 1979. The goal of this study was to resolve the uncertain taxonomic status of C. t. lunalonga using mitochondrial DNA analysis of cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase subunit I and determine its conservation status. In phylogenetic reconstruction using distance and parsimony methods, all members of the terrricola group were recovered as monophyletic and embedded within outgroup species of the subgenus Cylindera, while C. lunalonga was recovered as sister to all other members of the C. terricola clade. Cicindela lunalonga exhibited an exceptionally high (mean of 6.36%) pairwise sequence divergence for both genes against all C. terricola surveyed. For the cytochrome oxidase subunit I alone the pairwise divergence was 3.9-4.8% (4.58% avg.). The lowest divergences were between C. lunalonga and C. terricola subspecies of the American southwest (C. t. cinctipennis and C. t. kaibabensis), rather than with the closest geographic neighbors (C. t. imperfecta). We conclude that based on strict monophyly and pairwise sequence divergence, C. lunalonga is a distinct species. Our study of museum specimens and extensive field surveys suggest this species has been extirpated from all sites in the San Joaquin Valley and perhaps all but one of the historic sites throughout its range. Thus, it should be considered for Federal listing as an endangered species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular genetics of Cicindela (Cylindera) terricola and elevation of C. lunalonga to species level, with comments on its conservation status

et al. 2006

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“…Our measure, b j , is independent of the relative sizes of the pathogen species pools of X and Y (Koleff et al 2003); this is important as sample sizes of pathogens frequently differ between primate species due to variation in sampling intensity. We quantified host geographical range overlap in two ways: first, as a binary variable, scoring each host pair as either sympatric or allopatric (sympatry); second, we used the relative proportion of overlap among sympatric host pairs only (proportional overlap), calculated as 1=2ðoverlap=range size X C overlap=range size YÞ; where X and Y represent the distributions of the respective host species in each pairwise comparison (Barraclough et al 1999). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and geography predict pathogen community similarity in wild primates and humans

Davies

Pedersen²

2008

Proc. R. Soc. B.

268

317

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In natural systems, host species are often co-infected by multiple pathogen species, and recent work has suggested that many pathogens can infect a wide range of host species. An important question therefore is what determines the host range of a pathogen and the community of pathogens found within a given host species. Using primates as a model, we show that infectious diseases are more often shared between species that are closely related and inhabit the same geographical region. We find that host relatedness is the best overall predictor of whether two host species share the same pathogens. A higher frequency of pathogen host shifts between close relatives or inheritance of pathogens from a common ancestor may explain this result. For viruses, geographical overlap among neighbouring primate hosts is more important in determining host range. We suggest this is because rapid evolution within viral lineages allows host jumps across larger evolutionary distances. We also show that the phylogenetic pattern of pathogen sharing with humans is the same as that between wild primates. For humans, this means we share a higher proportion of pathogens with the great apes, including chimpanzees and gorillas, because these species are our closest relatives.

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“…If shifts in pollination mode or fungal partner are frequent causes of speciation, a high proportion of recently diverged orchid species should differ in pollination mode or fungal partner, more so than expected if speciation occurs independently of such shifts (Barraclough et al 1999;Whittall and Hodges 2007). In turn, a role of each mutualism in coexistence would be apparent if the diversity of interactions within communities was either significantly greater (in the case of niche partitioning) or significantly less (in the case of habitat filtering) than expected in null models of community assembly (Webb et al 2002;Losos et al 2003).…”

Section: E56 the American Naturalistmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Above- and Belowground Mutualisms on Orchid Speciation and Coexistence

Waterman

Bidartondo

Stofberg

et al. 2011

The American Naturalist

Self Cite

176

153

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Both pollination by animals and mycorrhizal symbioses with fungi are believed to have been important for the diversification of flowering plants. However, the mechanisms by which these aboveand belowground mutualisms affect plant speciation and coexistence remain obscure. We provide evidence that shifts in pollination traits are important for both speciation and coexistence in a diverse group of orchids, whereas shifts in fungal partner are important for coexistence but not for speciation. Phylogenetic analyses show that recently diverged orchid species tend either to use different pollinator species or to place pollen on different body parts of the same species, consistent with the role of pollination-mode shifts in speciation. Field experiments provide support for the hypothesis that colonization of new geographical areas requires adaptation to new pollinator species, whereas co-occurring orchid species share pollinator species by placing pollen on different body parts. In contrast to pollinators, fungal partners are conserved between closely related orchid species, and orchids recruit the same fungal species even when transplanted to different areas. However, co-occurring orchid species tend to use different fungal partners, consistent with their expected role in reducing competition for nutrients. Our results demonstrate that the two dominant mutualisms in terrestrial ecosystems can play major but contrasting roles in plant community assembly and speciation.

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Testing whether ecological factors promote cladogenesis in a group of tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)

Cited by 89 publications

References 44 publications

Molecular genetics of Cicindela (Cylindera) terricola and elevation of C. lunalonga to species level, with comments on its conservation status

Molecular genetics of Cicindela (Cylindera) terricola and elevation of C. lunalonga to species level, with comments on its conservation status

Phylogeny and geography predict pathogen community similarity in wild primates and humans

The Effects of Above- and Belowground Mutualisms on Orchid Speciation and Coexistence

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