Testing the redintegration hypothesis by a single probe recognition paradigm

Kowialiewski, Benjamin; Majerus, Steve

doi:10.1080/09658211.2018.1448420

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…At the same time, it should be noted that other evidence is not in favor of a redintegration mechanism as the exclusive account of psycholinguistic effects in vWM. For instance, strong lexicality effects have been observed in vWM tasks that do not require overt recall and redintegration (Jefferies, Frankish, & Lambon Ralph, 2006b;Kowialiewski & Majerus, 2018a;Savill, Ellis, & Jefferies, 2016). The neighborhood density effect is also of interest here.…”

Section: Consequences For Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 90%

Verbal working memory and linguistic long-term memory: Exploring the lexical cohort effect

Kowialiewski

Majerus

2019

Mem Cogn

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Numerous studies have shown that verbal working memory (vWM) performance is strongly influenced by linguistic knowledge, with items more familiar at sublexical, lexical, and/or semantic levels leading to higher vWM recall performance. Among the many different psycholinguistic variables whose impact on vWM has been studied, the lexical cohort effect is one of the few effects that has not yet been explored. The lexical cohort effect reflects the fact that words sharing their first phonemes with many other words (e.g. alcove, alligator, alcohol…) are typically responded to more slowly as compared to words sharing their first phonemes with a smaller number of words. In a pilot experiment (Experiment 1), we manipulated the lexical cohort effect in an immediate serial recall task and found no effect. Experiment 2 showed that, in a lexical decision task, participants responded more quickly to items stemming from small cohorts, showing that the material used in Experiment 1 allowed for a valid manipulation of the cohort effect. Experiment 3, using stimuli from Experiment 2 associated with maximal cohort effects during lexical decision, failed again to reveal a cohort effect in an immediate serial recall task. We argue that linguistic knowledge impacts vWM performance via continuous interactive activation within the linguistic system, which is not the case for the lexical cohort variable that may influence language processing only at the initial stages of stimulus activation.

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Section: Consequences For Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 90%

Verbal working memory and linguistic long-term memory: Exploring the lexical cohort effect

Kowialiewski

Majerus

2019

Mem Cogn

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“…A further way in which results from serial recall studies have lent themselves to interpretations related to short-term and long-term memory has been in examining phonological effects using short lists (e.g., Campoy & Baddeley, 2008;Tan & Ward, 2008) and semantic effects using long lists (e.g., Kowialiewski & Majerus, 2018a;Nishiyama, 2014). Theorists argue that, given the limits of short-term memory, short list lengths can be kept within the focus of attention (Cowan, 2001), while longer lists would likely involve episodic long-term memory to support recall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of phonological and semantic representations in verbal short-term memory and delayed retention

Pham

Archibald

2021

Mem Cogn

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It has been suggested that phonological representations play a central role in verbal short-term memory, but when semantic knowledge has been investigated, it has also been shown to influence verbal short-term memory. Explaining this interaction between verbal short-term memory and the linguistic system has produced different theoretical positions: whether semantic knowledge is used to redintegrate phonological traces or if there is direct activation of both phonological and semantic knowledge upon encountering a word. The present study employed a new paradigm to systematically examine phonological and semantic representations in verbal short-term memory as well as long-term impacts. Across two experiments, a list of words was presented sequentially, followed by a probe word. Participants were to judge whether the probe word rhymed or was synonymous with any items on the list. Delayed memory was also tested. In Experiment 1, we found that immediate performance was better for synonym than rhyme judgements, and this continued to be the case after a brief delay. In Experiment 2, under a fast-encoding, running-span paradigm, we found similar activation of phonological and semantic knowledge. Nevertheless, accuracy was again higher for items probed with the semantic than rhyme cue in the long term. Results showed that indeed there are short-term semantic effects, in addition to phonological effects. Further, semantic processing can occur in a highly automatic and rapid manner, with strong influence on long-term memory. These findings provide a new perspective on viewing verbal short-term memory as operating more dynamically within the context of a complex linguistic system.

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“…Thus, in a verbal memory task, lexical stored knowledge can be utilized in a process termed as "item redintegration" in which partially degraded, temporary representations are reconstructed at retrieval using long-term phonological knowledge of items [20][21][22]. The process of "item redintegration" may explain better rehearsal or recall of words (e.g., digits) over nonwords, also termed as lexicality effect [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations and Dissociations among Phonological Processing Skills, Language Skills and Nonverbal Cognition in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Jokel

Armstrong

Gabis

et al. 2020

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine the nature of phonological processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as it pertains to their nonverbal cognitive and linguistic abilities. Methods: Twenty-one participants between the ages of 9 and 21 years were administered a nonverbal cognitive assessment (Raven test), a language measure that requires receptive and expressive knowledge of semantics, syntax and morphology, as well as the integration across these language domains (CELF-4), and a measure of phonological processing (CTOPP). Results: Results show that performance on nonword repetition (NWR) that reflects an aspect of phonological memory was significantly low, whereas performance on phoneme reversal, phoneme elision, blending words and memory for digits was within the normal range. Hierarchical regressions with age, nonverbal intelligence (Raven test) and receptive language (CELF) as predictors showed that for NWR and phoneme elision the receptive part of the CELF was the main significant predictor, after controlling for age. For phoneme reversal and memory for digits, however, the Raven score was the significant predictor, suggesting that cognitive nonverbal ability is the main factor explaining variability in these tasks. Conclusions: A deficit in phonological memory characterizes individuals in the autistic population. This deficit may influence language acquisition in this population consistent with other populations of children with language impairments. Other tasks of phonological awareness, however, might be preserved especially when they do not involve memory for long phonological sequences and when the cognitive abilities are within the norm.

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Testing the redintegration hypothesis by a single probe recognition paradigm

Cited by 7 publications

References 66 publications

Verbal working memory and linguistic long-term memory: Exploring the lexical cohort effect

Verbal working memory and linguistic long-term memory: Exploring the lexical cohort effect

The role of phonological and semantic representations in verbal short-term memory and delayed retention

Associations and Dissociations among Phonological Processing Skills, Language Skills and Nonverbal Cognition in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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