Testing the cleaning effectiveness of new ecological aqueous dispersions applied on old icons

Vasilache, Viorica; Sandu, Irina Crina Anca; Pruteanu, Silvea; Caldeira, Ana Teresa; Simionescu, Atena Elena; Sandu, Ion

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.01.128

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Authentication methods are grouped into direct examination, non-destructive, and sampling and processing of microsamples (semi-or paradestructive sampling). In this way, it is possible to use surface analysis methods such as: textures, irises, bladders, erosions, deposits, finishes, polishes, grinding, inlays, engravings, watermarks, inscriptions or graphs, emblems, legends, various decoration, colour process etc., when direct observation is used, by naked eye or with optical magnification tools [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Also, for determination by direct measurement of size, weight, color, temperature, humidity etc., used static/dynamic Analog or Digital Photography (Photogrammetry, Stereophotogrammetry and Videogrammetry), UV, Vis and IR Reflectography, Xray Fluorescence, Reflectance Colorimetry/CIE L*a*b*, and others.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeometric and Chemometric Studies Involved in the Authentication of Old Heritage Artefacts II. Old linden and poplar wood put into work

Spiridon¹,

Sandu²,

Nica³

et al. 2017

Rev. Chim.

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The paper presents the results obtained in the study of new archaeometric and chemometric characteristics for old linden wood (Tillia cordata Mill.) and poplar wood (Populus robusta), put into work. Therefore, based on elemental chemical composition data, humidity, pH, ash and those related to wood extraction components, which are characteristics with low arteriometric potential, the chemometric characteristics with an archeometric value were evaluated. Samples used in this study, both linden and poplar wood, the following near-linear ratios were observed in the next reports: C/O, (C+H)/O, (C+H)/Norganic, pH/Humidity, Nmineral/Ash, extract in NaOH/extract in hot water and extract in ethyl alcohol/extract in ether, which can be used in establishing an archaeometric reference.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeometric and Chemometric Studies Involved in the Authentication of Old Heritage Artefacts II. Old linden and poplar wood put into work

Spiridon¹,

Sandu²,

Nica³

et al. 2017

Rev. Chim.

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“…To carry out the washing tests, the 12 supernatants were labelled as in the production protocol, as follows: S1-St John's Wort extract, S2-Sage extract and S3-Licorice extract, followed by the initial extraction conditions (B-Boiling, M-Microwave, U-Ultrasound and E-Room temperature). The washing capacity has been analyzed, similar to with other previous studies [34][35][36][37][38][39], by direct eye observation, visible, and UV reflectrography and by reflection colorimetry, CIE L*a*b*, using the FLICKINER RT Series colorimeter (Reflectance Tintometer). This allowed the chromatic deviation to be recorded directly on the sample, before and after washing.…”

Section: Selection Of Areas and Elaboration Of The Experimental Washimentioning

confidence: 96%

“…From among the main extracts historically used in washing processes, especially in traditional ethnographic practices, we mention the washing of carpets, rugs, and other polychrome artistic fabrics with cabbages, potatoes, onions, and other vegetables. Conversely, the literature is very scant with respect to the cleaning of paintings, with some information available on the use of uncolored vegetables juices [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Ecological Solutions Involved in the Cleaning of a 19th Century Icon

et al. 2020

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Featured Application: Cleaning of cultural heritage assets.Abstract: Cleaning of old icons requires special attention to selecting the processes and systems compatible with the chemical nature and adhesions of the deposits, to not affect the polychrome layer or their conservation status. The study was carried out on a 19th century icon made in fat tempera, on a thin layer of preparation that presents fouling. The cleaning was done using extracts obtained from sage, St. John's Wort, and, respectively, licorice root teas obtained through different extraction processes: microwave, ultrasound, boiling, and room temperature, respectively. The washing capacity of the new system used was analyzed by analytical methods of assessing the cleaning degree: UV-Vis reflection, reflective colorimetry type CIE L*a*b*, co-assisted with optical microscopy and scanning electrone microscopy (SEM-EDX).

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“…), and aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene, etc.) mixed in various proportions present a broad performance in graffiti cleaning in washing dirt or/and adherent deposits [ 15 ]. However, Weaver et al [ 16 ] noted that some chemical solvents may permanently discolor or stain the building surface, and in addition, the remaining paint may become more difficult to remove.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, for the development of eco-friendly graffiti removers, some topics, including the reduction/elimination of high toxicity reagents, decreasing the emission of gasses and vapors, and the reduction of energy consumption have recently gained significant importance [ 25 , 26 ]. The development of and the applications for novel and alternative solvents are of great importance in protecting cultural heritage stones, cleaning buildings, or the conservation of old icons or paints [ 15 , 27 ]. Much effort is needed to develop low-cost, effective technologies for the production of alternative solvents that could replace the typically applied toxic organic solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation of Environmentally Safe Graffiti Remover Containing Esterified Plant Oils and Sugar Surfactant

2021

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The removal of graffiti or over-painting requires special attention in order to not induce the surface destruction but to also address all of the important eco-compatibility concerns. Because of the necessity to avoid the use of volatile and toxic petroleum-based solvents that are common in cleaning formulations, much attention has recently been paid to the design of a variety of sustainable formulations that are based on biodegradable raw materials. In the present contribution we propose a new approach to graffiti cleaning formulations that are composed of newly synthesized green solvents such as esterified plant oils, i.e., rapeseed oil (RO), sunflower oil (SO), or used cooking oil (UCO), ethyl lactate (EL), and alkylpolyglucosides (APGs) as surfactants. Oil PEG-8 ester solvents were synthesized through the direct esterification/transesterification of these oils using monobutyltin(IV) tris(2-ethylhexanoate) and titanium(IV) butoxide catalysts under mild process conditions. The most efficient formulations, determined by optimization through the response surface methodology (RSM) was more effective in comparison to the reference solvents such as the so-called Nitro solvent (denoting a mixture of toluene and acetone) and petroleum ether. Additionally, the optimal product was found to be effective in removing graffiti from glass, metal, or sandstone surfaces under open-field conditions in the city of Wrocław. The performed studies could be an invaluable tool for developing future green formulations for graffiti removal.

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Testing the cleaning effectiveness of new ecological aqueous dispersions applied on old icons

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Archaeometric and Chemometric Studies Involved in the Authentication of Old Heritage Artefacts II. Old linden and poplar wood put into work

Archaeometric and Chemometric Studies Involved in the Authentication of Old Heritage Artefacts II. Old linden and poplar wood put into work

New Ecological Solutions Involved in the Cleaning of a 19th Century Icon

Formulation of Environmentally Safe Graffiti Remover Containing Esterified Plant Oils and Sugar Surfactant

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