Testing of 24 food, drug, cosmetic, and fabric dyes in the in vitro and the in vivo/in vitro rat hepatocyte primary culture DNA repair assays

Kornbrust, Douglas J.; Barfknecht, Thomas R.

doi:10.1002/em.2860070106

Cited by 113 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is harmful to human beings and animals, and causes irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. The carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity and chronic toxicity toward humans and animals have been experimentally proven [43,44]. During the photocatalytic process, the dye molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the catalysts, where chemical bonds are broken and small organic molecules are released as decomposed products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites: Effect of BiVO4 as highly efficient visible light sensitizer for highly improved visible light photocatalytic activity in the degradation of dye pollutants

Zalfani

et al. 2017

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

105

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The effect of the amount of BiVO 4 as visible light sensitizer on the photocatalytic activity of BiVO 4 /3DOM TiO 2 nanocomposites was highlighted. The low amount of BiVO 4 nanoparticles favors the transfer of photogenerated electrons to 3DOM TiO 2 while photogenerated electrons will remain at the surface of BiVO 4 at high amount of BiVO 4 , leading to the recombination of electrons-holes and reduced photocatalytic activity. 1 0 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.08 0.04 0.0209 0.0381 0.0256 0.0152 0.110 0.0078 0.0062 100 75 50 25 10 5 0 0.040 0.035 0.030 0.025 0.020 0.015 0.010 0.005 0.000 Rate Constant (min -1 ) mol % BiVO 4 -1 0 1 2 3 E (NHE) CB VB O 2 /O 2 .-OH . /H 2 O Oxidation Highlights -BiVO 4 @3DOM TiO 2 exhibit highly enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity -The effect of the amount of BiVO 4 as visible light sensitizer is highlighted -The electronic interactions BiVO 4 /TiO 2 lead to an improved charge separation -High BiVO 4 content leads to the accumulation of the electron/hole pairs at the surface of the BiVO 4 4 Abstract A series of BiVO 4 /3DOM TiO 2 nanocomposites have been synthesized and their photocatalytic activity was investigated under visible light irradiation using the RhB dye as model pollutant molecule in an aqueous solution. The effect of the amount of BiVO 4 as visible light sensitizer on the photocatalytic activity of BiVO 4 /3DOM TiO 2 nanocomposites was highlighted. The heterostructured composite system leads to much higher photocatalytic efficiencies than bare 3DOM TiO 2 and BiVO 4 nanoparticles. As the proportion of BiVO 4 in BiVO 4 /3DOM TiO 2 nanocomposites increases from 0.04 to 0.6, the photocatalytic performance of the BiVO 4 /3DOM TiO 2 nanocomposites increases and then decreases after reaching a maximum at 0.2. This improvement in photocatalytic perfomance is related to 1) the interfacial electron transfer efficiency between the coupled materials, 2) the 3DOM TiO 2 inverse opal structure with interconnected pores providing an easy mass transfer of the reactant molecules and high accessibility to the active sites and large surface area and 3) the effect of light sensitizer of BiVO 4 . Intensive studies on structural, textural, optical and surface properties reveal that the electronic interactions between BiVO 4 and TiO 2 lead to an improved charge separation of the coupled BiVO 4 /TiO 2 system. The photogenerated charge carrier densities increase with increasing the BiVO 4 content, which acts as visible light sensitizer to the TiO 2 and is responsible for the enhancement in the rate of photocatalytic degradation. However, the photocatalytic activity is reduced when the BiVO 4 amount is much higher than that of 3DOM TiO 2 . Two reasons could account for this behavior. First, with increasing BiVO 4 content, the photogenerated electron/hole pairs are accumulated at the surface of the BiVO 4 nanoparticles and the recombination rate increases as shown by the PL results. Second, decreasing the amount of 3DOM TiO 2 in the nanocomposite decreases the surface area as shown by the BET results. Mo...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites: Effect of BiVO4 as highly efficient visible light sensitizer for highly improved visible light photocatalytic activity in the degradation of dye pollutants

Zalfani

et al. 2017

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

105

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“…These studies include among others an in vitro/in vivo rat hepatocyte assay, two Salmonella typhimurium assays, and a somatic assay in Drosophila melanogaster and conclude that Tartrazine is not genotoxic (Brown and Dietrich, 1983;Chung, 1983;Combes, 1986;Kornbrust and Barfknecht, 1985;Münzner and Wever, 1987;Prival et al, 1988;Rosenkranz and Klopman, 1989;Roychoudhury and Giri, 1989;and Tripathy et al, 1989). …”

Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation Tartrazine (E 102)

Aguilar¹,

Charrondière²,

Dusemund³

et al. 2009

EFSA Journal

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The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of Tartrazine (E 102). Tartrazine has been previously evaluated by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 1966 and the EU Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in 1975 and. Both committees established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 0-7.5 mg/kg bw/day. The Panel was not provided with a newly submitted dossier and based its evaluation on previous evaluations, additional literature that became available since then and the data available following a public call for data. New studies included a study by Sasaki et al. from 2002 reporting effects on nuclear DNA migration in the mouse in vivo Comet assay, a study by McCann et al. from 2007 that concluded that exposure to a mixture including Tartrazine resulted in increased hyperactivity in 3-year old and 8-to 9-year old children and studies on neurodevelopment by Tanaka. The Panel notes that Tartrazine was negative in long-term carcinogenicity studies and that the effects on nuclear DNA migration observed in the mouse in vivo Comet assay are not expected to result in carcinogenicity. The Panel also concurrs with the conclusion from a previous EFSA opinion on the McCann et al. study that the findings of the study cannot be used as a basis for altering the ADI, and additionally considered that the Tanaka study can also not be used as a basis for altering the ADI. The Panel concludes that the present database does not give reason to revise the ADI of 7.5 mg/kg bw/day. The Panel also concludes that at the maximum reported levels of use, refined intake estimates are below the ADI. The Panel concludes that Tartrazine appears to be able to elicit intolerance reactions in a small fraction of the exposed population.The Panel also notes that sensitive individuals may react to Tartrazine at dose levels within the ADI. Tartrazine, FD&C Yellow No. 5, E 102, CAS 1934-21-0, 3-carboxy-5-hydroxy-1-(4'-sulphophenyl Tartrazine consists essentially of 3-carboxy-5-hydroxy-1-(4'-sulphophenyl)-4-(4'-sulphophenylazo) pyrazole trisodium salt and subsidiary colouring matters together with sodium chloride and/or sodium sulphate as the principal uncoloured components. Tartrazine is described as the sodium salt. The calcium and the potassium salts are also permitted (Directive 2008/128/EC). KEY WORDSThe purity is specified as not less than 85 % total colouring matters, calculated as the sodium salt. The remaining 15 % may be accounted for by sodium chloride or sodium sulphate (but this is never mentioned explicitly), water insoluble matter not more than 0.2 %, subsidiary colouring matters not more than 1.0 % and organic compounds other than colouring matters with a total not more than 0.5 % (4-hydrazinobenzene sulphonic acid, 4-aminobenzene-1-sulphonic acid, 5-oxo-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-2-pyrazoline-3-carboxylic acid, 4,4′-diazoaminodi(benzene sulphonic acid), tetrahydroxysuccinic acid).The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of Tar...

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“…RhB is selected as a model pollutant, because it is a common contaminant in industrial wastewater [45]. In order to illustrate the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalysts, the blank test and the dark absorption test were carried out first.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Photocatalytic Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of hydrophilic S/In2O3 core–shell nanocomposite for enhancement of photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation

Meng

Cao

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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Testing of 24 food, drug, cosmetic, and fabric dyes in the in vitro and the in vivo/in vitro rat hepatocyte primary culture DNA repair assays

Cited by 113 publications

References 32 publications

BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites: Effect of BiVO4 as highly efficient visible light sensitizer for highly improved visible light photocatalytic activity in the degradation of dye pollutants

BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites: Effect of BiVO4 as highly efficient visible light sensitizer for highly improved visible light photocatalytic activity in the degradation of dye pollutants

Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation Tartrazine (E 102)

Fabrication of hydrophilic S/In2O3 core–shell nanocomposite for enhancement of photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation

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