Testing molecular barcodes: Invariant mitochondrial DNA sequences vs the larval and adult morphology of West Palaearctic Pandasyopthalmus species (Diptera: Syrphidae: Paragini)

Rojo, Santos; Ståhls, Gunilla; Pérez‐Bañón, Celeste; Marcos-García, Ma Ángeles

doi:10.14411/eje.2006.058

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…However, the sequence divergence of COI for some animal species, such as cnidarians [20] and the West Palaearctic Pandasyopthalmus taxa [39], is relatively low, and even invariant. In addition, mtDNA is maternally inherited; other resources of data should be considered, such as nuclear DNA, morphology, or ecology [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of ITS2 Region as the Universal DNA Barcode for Plants and Animals

et al. 2010

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BackgroundThe internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA is regarded as one of the candidate DNA barcodes because it possesses a number of valuable characteristics, such as the availability of conserved regions for designing universal primers, the ease of its amplification, and sufficient variability to distinguish even closely related species. However, a general analysis of its ability to discriminate species in a comprehensive sample set is lacking.Methodology/Principal FindingsIn the current study, 50,790 plant and 12,221 animal ITS2 sequences downloaded from GenBank were evaluated according to sequence length, GC content, intra- and inter-specific divergence, and efficiency of identification. The results show that the inter-specific divergence of congeneric species in plants and animals was greater than its corresponding intra-specific variations. The success rates for using the ITS2 region to identify dicotyledons, monocotyledons, gymnosperms, ferns, mosses, and animals were 76.1%, 74.2%, 67.1%, 88.1%, 77.4%, and 91.7% at the species level, respectively. The ITS2 region unveiled a different ability to identify closely related species within different families and genera. The secondary structure of the ITS2 region could provide useful information for species identification and could be considered as a molecular morphological characteristic.Conclusions/SignificanceAs one of the most popular phylogenetic markers for eukaryota, we propose that the ITS2 locus should be used as a universal DNA barcode for identifying plant species and as a complementary locus for CO1 to identify animal species. We have also developed a web application to facilitate ITS2-based cross-kingdom species identification (http://its2-plantidit.dnsalias.org).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of ITS2 Region as the Universal DNA Barcode for Plants and Animals

et al. 2010

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“…Detailed ultrastructural analysis of cephalic sensorial organs in E. tenax larvae showed several satellite sensilla positioned on the antennae (Akent'eva, ), apparently innervated with several receptor cells in the cephalic region, suggesting the presence of both mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors. Both types of sensory receptors are also present in E. similis and have been found in predatory hoverflies based on SEM studies (see Ngamo et al, ; Rojo et al, ). On the other hand, results from the present study show the presence in Eristalis of two pairs of sensilla on the dorsal and ventral lips on the head (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

SEM studies on immature stages of the drone flies (diptera, syrphidae): Eristalis similis (Fallen, 1817) and Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pérez‐Bañón

Hurtado

García-Gras

et al. 2013

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Adult drone flies (Syrphidae: Eristalis spp.) resemble male honeybees in appearance. Their immature stages are commonly known as rat-tailed maggots due to the presence of a very long anal segment and a telescopic breathing tube. The larvae are associated with decaying organic material in liquid or semi-liquid media, as in the case of other saprophagous eristalines. Biological and morphological data were obtained from both laboratory cultures and sampling in the field. Drone flies are important pollinators for wild flowers and crops. In fact, mass rearing protocols of Eristalis species are being developed to be used as efficient alternative pollinators. However, deeper knowledge of larval morphology and biology is required to improve artificial rearing. The production quality control of artificial rearing must manage the consistency and reliability of the production output avoiding, for example contamination with similar species. This article presents the first description of the larva and puparium of E. similis, including a comparative morphological study of preimaginal stages of the anthropophilic and ubiquitous European hoverfly species E. tenax. Scanning electron microscopy has been used for the first time to describe larvae and puparia of both species. Moreover, the preimaginal morphology of E. similis has been compared with all known descriptions of the genus Eristalis. The main diagnostic characters of the preimaginal stages of E. similis are the morphology of the anterior spiracles (shape of clear area and arrangement of facets) and pupal spiracles (length, shape, and arrangement of tubercles).

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“…The identification of insect larvae (the stage that most often damages crops) is often problematic, but DNA barcodes can be used to match larvae with identified adults (Miller et al 2005;Caterino & Tishechkin 2006;Rojo et al 2006;Ahrens et al 2007). This can have immediate practical application in taxonomy, resource management and biosecurity.…”

Section: What Can One Do With Dna Barcodes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA barcoding demystified

Mitchell¹

2008

Australian Journal of Entomology

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Testing molecular barcodes: Invariant mitochondrial DNA sequences vs the larval and adult morphology of West Palaearctic Pandasyopthalmus species (Diptera: Syrphidae: Paragini)

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Use of ITS2 Region as the Universal DNA Barcode for Plants and Animals

Use of ITS2 Region as the Universal DNA Barcode for Plants and Animals

SEM studies on immature stages of the drone flies (diptera, syrphidae): Eristalis similis (Fallen, 1817) and Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus, 1758)

DNA barcoding demystified

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