Testing for local species saturation with nonindependent regional species pools

Fox,; McGrady‐Steed,; Petchey, Owen L.

doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2000.00147.x

Cited by 34 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, the regressions of independent contrasts were forced through the origin for the analysis of the relationship between mean flea abundance and either infracommunity or component community flea species richness. Fox et al (2000) recently pointed out that species that are shared between regional species pools create problems of nonindependence. In our analyses for instance, if some flea species occur on several species of mammalian hosts, then using these host species in interspecific analyses based on conventional regression techniques would be inappropriate.…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some methodological problems arise (Cresswell et al 1995;Caley and Schluter 1997;Griffiths 1999;Srivastava 1999;Fox et al 2000;Loreau 2000;Shurin et al 2000;Hillebrand 2005), and thus, the use of local-regional richness plots to test for saturation of diversity has been strongly criticized. The criticism was mainly related to statistical issues (Srivastava 1999), the definition of two spatial scales (Loreau 2000;Shurin et al 2000;Hillebrand and Blenckner 2002), and the effects of different types of interactions (Shurin and Allen 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships between local and regional species richness in flea communities of small mammalian hosts: saturation and spatial scale

et al. 2005

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The number of species coexisting in a community may be regulated by local factors (e.g., competitive interactions), or by regional processes (e.g., dispersal from a regional species pool). The relative importance of local and regional processes can be inferred from the shape of the relationship between local and regional species richness. We investigated this relationship in communities of fleas parasitic on small mammals at two spatial scales: between the richness of fleas on individual hosts (infracommunities) and that of fleas on host populations (component communities), and between the richness of component communities and that of the entire regional species pool. We tested linearity (proportional sampling) versus curvilinearity with an asymptote (species saturation) by plotting "local" against "regional" species richness of fleas either among host species or within host species among populations. At the two spatial scales, we found consistent curvilinear relationships between species richness of the more "local" communities and richness of the more "regional" communities. This was true across all host species in the data set and for geographic subsets, even after controlling for the influence of sampling effort on estimates of species richness, and that of host phylogeny in interspecific analyses. We also tested for density compensation in species-poor communities. There was no strong evidence for density compensation at the infracommunity level, although its existence at the component community level appeared likely. Our results suggest that identical patterns in local-versus-regional species richness observed on two different spatial scales arise via different mechanisms: infracommunities appear saturated with flea species most likely because of local processes, such as host immune defenses, whereas component communities are saturated with species through interspecific competition, possibly among larval stages.

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Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between local and regional species richness in flea communities of small mammalian hosts: saturation and spatial scale

et al. 2005

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“…This has been taken as evidence that local species richness is unsaturated, and not limited by local processes such as competition (Cornell 1985, Cornell and Lawton 1992, Schluter and Ricklefs 1993. Although a number of methodological issues have been raised against this conclusion (Srivastava 1999, Fox et al 2000, the positive local/regional relationship does suggest that local and regional diversity cannot be understood in isolation. There are many examples of large variation in the sizes of regional species pools despite apparently similar environments, indicating strong historical effects: mangrove floras (Ricklefs and Latham 1993), temperate tree floras (Latham and Ricklefs 1993a) and mediterranean floras (Cowling et al 1998), just to mention a few plant examples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental Similarities in Riparian-Plant Diversity and Sensitivity to River Regulation

Dynesius

Jansson

Johansson

et al. 2004

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. We asked whether assemblages of species with separate evolutionary histories differed in their response to similar human interventions. We assessed this by comparing the response of riparian plant communities to river regulation on two different continents. We compared free-flowing and regulated rivers between boreal parts of North America (Alberta and British Columbia) and Europe (Sweden), using a standardized sampling protocol and the same field staff on both continents. Although the two regions shared few species, both riparian plant-species diversity along free-flowing rivers and the response to different kinds of flow regulation were similar between the continents. The number of riparian-plant species and their amount of cover differed among types of water-level regime, but the continental affiliation of a river-margin site did not statistically explain any of the variation. Within continents, the local flora of the regulated river-margin sites was largely similar in species composition to the free-flowing ones, but the sites along storage reservoirs were more species-poor. The similarity in the response to regulation between the continents suggests that general guidelines for rehabilitation of degraded boreal rivers are a realistic goal.The number of species and genera, plant cover, and species numbers in most trait groups (classified according to growth form and life span) were similar between free-flowing river margins in Europe and North America. Moreover, the regional native species pools of northern Sweden and Alberta were similar in size and composition of species groups, despite the fact that only 27% of the species in Alberta were found in northern Sweden. This is presumably because the floras share a common Tertiary origin and because the regions have had largely similar late-Tertiary and Quaternary histories. The most pronounced difference between the continents was that we found no exotic species on the 183 Swedish rivermargin sites, whereas 9% of the species found in all 24 North American plots taken together were exotics. All North American exotics found have occurred in Europe since prehistoric times, and the difference in exotic richness most likely reflects a difference in the number of species humans have transferred from one continent to another, rather than a difference in invasibility between the regions.

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“…Th us the local communities consist of those species whose distributions include a particular point in space and time. To understand the coexistence of species locally, one must understand what shapes species distributions within regions (Ricklefs 2008), the communities in diff erent regions being not independent if regions share species (Fox et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Dung beetle assemblages organization in two contrasted areas of the Mediterranean region: affinities and divergences

Errouissi¹,

Labidi²,

Jay‐Robert

et al. 2011

Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.)

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Abstract. Quantifi cation of the species richness and diversity is important when comparing sites; these variables are infl uenced by local and regional factors. The structure of assemblages of dung beetles as well as their species composition and diversity were compared between two sites on both sides of the Mediterranean Sea (France FR and Tunisia TN). From a total of 132 traps, 15,778 specimens were collected belonging to 86 species (46 in FR vs. 40 in TN). Species composition varied highly between FR and TN (only 10 species in common). The temporal occurrence of Aphodiidae and Scarabaeidae showed different patterns due to several factors: phenology of species, geographical distribution and local ecological requirements. When quantifying the beta diversity, the turnover of species was for almost cases higher within the same season than between seasons. Moreover, seasonal turnover was different at both sites. Evenness and rank-abundance analyses demonstrated that autumn-winter was the most constraining season in FR, with one dominant species (Agrilinus constans) in winter assemblages (96.8% of individuals). Conversely summer was the most constraining season in TN, with Onthophagus taurus as dominant species in assemblages (87.7%). The infl uence of local and historical factors is discussed.Résumé. Organisation des assemblages de bousiers dans deux aires contrastées de la région méditerranéenne : affi nités et divergences. La quantifi cation de la richesse et de la diversité spécifi que sont des paramètres importants lorsque l'on compare des sites entre eux, ces variables pouvant être infl uencées par des facteurs locaux et régionaux et l'histoire des peuplements. La structure des communautés de coléoptères coprophages, leur composition et leur diversité ont été comparées pour deux sites situés de part et d'autre de la Méditerranée (France FR et Tunisie TN), semblables par leur physionomie mais ayant eu une histoire différente. Pour un total de 132 pièges régulièrement relevés pendant plus d'une année dans chaque site, 15778 individus ont été recueillis appartenant à 86 espèces (46 en France et 40 en Tunisie). La composition spécifi que s'est avérée très différente entre les deux sites, avec seulement 10 espèces en commun. L'occurrence temporelle des Aphodiidae et des Scarabaeidae montre différents modèles répondant à plusieurs facteurs: la phénologie des espèces, la répartition géographique et les exigences écologiques locales. L'analyse de la diversité bêta montre que le taux de remplacement des espèces (turnover) était plus élevé pour une même saison qu'entre des saisons successives, les valeurs du turnover saisonnier étant différentes entre les deux sites ce qui implique un fonctionnement différent de leurs communautés. L'analyse des valeurs de l'équitabilité et des modèles rang-abondance montre que la période automne-hiver est la plus contraignante en FR, avec une seule espèce dominante (Agrilinus constans) dans les assemblages (96,8% des individus). Inversement, l'été est la saison la plus contraignante e...

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Testing for local species saturation with nonindependent regional species pools

Cited by 34 publications

References 44 publications

Relationships between local and regional species richness in flea communities of small mammalian hosts: saturation and spatial scale

Relationships between local and regional species richness in flea communities of small mammalian hosts: saturation and spatial scale

Intercontinental Similarities in Riparian-Plant Diversity and Sensitivity to River Regulation

Dung beetle assemblages organization in two contrasted areas of the Mediterranean region: affinities and divergences

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