Testing for Groundwater Contamination at Hazardous Waste Sites

Garman, Jerry R.; Freund, Thomas; Lawless, Edward W.

doi:10.1093/chromsci/25.8.328

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…An evaluation of the analytical data from 358 hazardous waste sites with over 5,000 wells indicated that anthracene, fluoranthene, and naphthalene were detected (practical quantitation limit, 10-200 µg/L) in groundwater from at least 0.1% of the sites in three of the ten EPA Regions into which the United States is divided (Garman et al 1987). A review of groundwater monitoring data from 479 waste disposal sites (178 CERCLA or Super-fund sites, 173 RCRA sites, and 128 sanitary/municipal landfill sites) located throughout the United States indicated that 14 of the PAHs included in this profile were detected at frequencies ranging from 2 detections at one site in one EPA Region for indeno [l,2,3-c,d]pyrene, to 85 detections at 16 sites in 4 EPA Regions for fluorene .…”

Section: Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gulf Oil Spill

2011

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Section: Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gulf Oil Spill

2011

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“…Dinitrobenzene (DNB) has been detected has environmental contaminants of ground water and soil near sites and at military munitions test grounds. Also, it has been characterized as occupational toxicants/pollutants, by its toxicity [2] , [3] , [4] . DNB production yields a mixture of the three isomers namely ortho-isomer ( o -DNB), meta- isomer ( m -DNB) and para -isomer ( p -DNB) [5] , [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The para isomer of dinitrobenzene disrupts redox homeostasis in liver and kidney of male wistar rats

Sangodele

Olaleye

Monsees

et al. 2017

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

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BackgroundPara-Dinitrobenzene (p-DNB) is one of the isomers of dinitrobenzene which have been detected as environmental toxicants. Skin irritation and organ toxicities are likely for industrial workers exposed to p-DNB. This study evaluated the effect of sub-chronic exposure of rats to p-DNB on cellular redox balance, hepatic and renal integrity.MethodsForty eight male Wistar rats weighing 160–180 g were administered 50, 75, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.wt (body weight) of p-DNB or an equivalent volume of vehicle (control) orally and topically for 14 days. After the period of treatment, the activities of kidney and liver catalase (CAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as extent of renal and hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) were determined. Serum ALP activity and plasma urea concentration were also evaluated.ResultsCompared with control animals, p-DNB -administered rats showed decrease in the body and relative kidney and liver weights as well as increased renal and hepatic hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels accompanied by decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. However, p-DNB caused a significant increase in plasma urea concentration and serum, liver and kidney ALP activities relative to control. In addition, p-DNB caused periportal infiltration, severe macro vesicular steatosis and hepatic necrosis in the liver.ConclusionsOur findings show that sub-chronic oral and sub-dermal administration of p-DNB may produce hepato-nephrotoxicity through oxidative stress.

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“…Their production is estimated to be 225 000 tons/yr for nitrobenzene [2], and 1000 tons/yr for nitro musks, with musk xylene (MX) being the largest contributor [3]. These compounds are not readily biodegradable; they persist in the environment and can contaminate ground and surface waters as well as soils near production waste disposal sites [4] and military installations [5]. Humans can potentially be exposed to these compounds by numerous routes, including soil exposure, drinking contaminated water, or ingestion of contaminated food such as fish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%