Testing and Performance of Bone Cements

Spierings, Pieter T.J.

doi:10.1007/3-540-28924-0_7

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The brittle behaviour observed through bending tests of PMMA and PMMA-based composites, as well as bending modulus and strength (Figure 2a,b), is consistent with literature data reported for the Palamed bone cement [37]. On the other hand, the ductile behaviour in compression observed for PMMA and compression strength measurements (Figures 1b and 2c) are consistent with literature data reported for the stress vs. strain curves and strength of Palamed bone cement [28,29]…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Modification of PMMA Cements for Cranioplasty with Bioactive Glass and Copper Doped Tricalcium Phosphate Particles

et al. 2019

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Cranioplasty represents the surgical repair of bone defects or deformities in the cranium arising from traumatic skull bone fracture, cranial bone deformities, bone cancer, and infections. The actual gold standard in surgery procedures for cranioplasty involves the use of biocompatible materials, and repair or regeneration of large cranial defects is particularly challenging from both a functional and aesthetic point of view. PMMA-based bone cement are the most widely biomaterials adopted in the field, with at least four different surgical approaches. Modifications for improving biological and mechanical functions of PMMA-based bone cement have been suggested. To this aim, the inclusion of antibiotics to prevent infection has been shown to provide a reduction of mechanical properties in bending. Therefore, the development of novel antibacterial active agents to overcome issues related to mechanical properties and bacterial resistance to antibiotics is still encouraged. In this context, mechanical, biological, and antibacterial feature against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus bacterial strains of surgical PMMA cement modified with BG and recently developed Cu-TCP bioactive particles have been highlighted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Modification of PMMA Cements for Cranioplasty with Bioactive Glass and Copper Doped Tricalcium Phosphate Particles

et al. 2019

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“…Results of the variation of μ with t m has been used to categorize commercially available cements into “low‐viscosity” cements (for example, Zimmer LVC; μ = 1 kPa s at t m = 5 min); “medium‐viscosity” cements (for example, Surgical Simplex P; μ = 5 kPa s at t m = 5 min) and “high‐viscosity” cements (for example, Palacos R; μ = 14 kPa s at t m = 5 min) 89…”

Section: Acrylic Bone Cementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastic properties of injectable bone cements for orthopaedic applications: State‐of‐the‐art review

Lewis

2011

J Biomed Mater Res

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Injectable bone cements (IBCs) are used for a variety of orthopaedic applications, examples being poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cements used for anchoring total joint replacements (TJRs) (high load-bearing application), PMMA bone cements used in the vertebral body augmentation procedures of vertebroplasty (VP) and balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) (medium load-bearing application), and calcium phosphate-based and calcium sulfate-based cements used as bone void fillers/bone graft substitutes (low load-bearing application). For each of these applications, the viscoelastic properties of the cement are very important. For example, (1) creep of the cement has an influence on the longevity of a cemented TJR (for example, creep allows the cement to remodel, thereby maximizing the contact area of the cement-bone interface and, hence, minimizing stress concentration at that interface); and (2) in VP and BKP, the likelihood of cement extravasation is directly related to the profile of the viscosity-versus-time elapsed from commencement of mixing of the cement. There are a few reviews of the literature on a number of viscoelastic properties of some IBCs but a comprehensive review of the literature on all viscoelastic properties of all IBCs is lacking. The objective of this contribution is to present such a review. In addition, a number of ideas for future study in the field of viscoelastic properties of IBCs are described.

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“…26 Bone cements containing methyl acrylate co-polymers, such as Palacos, tend to exhibit more ductile behavior than cements made with stiffer co-polymers like styrene, such as Simplex. 27 This is one of the primary factors resulting in the different static flexural properties observed in this study. Additionally, the radiopacifier particles within the cement are known to influence the mechanical properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Characterization of the quasi‐static and viscoelastic properties of orthopaedic bone cement at the macro and nanoscale

et al. 2016

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Acrylic bone cement is often used in total joint replacement procedures to anchor an orthopaedic implant to bone. Bone cement is a viscoelastic material that exhibits creep and stress relaxation properties, which have been previously characterized using a variety of techniques such as flexural testing. Nanoindentation has become a popular method to characterize polymer mechanical properties at the nanoscale due to the technique's high sensitivity and the small sample volume required for testing. The purpose of the present work therefore was to determine the mechanical properties of bone cement using traditional macroscale techniques and compare the results to those obtained from nanoindentation. To this end, the quasi-static and viscoelastic properties of two commercially available cements, Palacos and Simplex, were assessed using a combination of three-point bending and nanoindentation. Quasi-static properties obtained from nanoindentation tended to be higher relative to three-point bending. The general displacement and creep compliance trends were similar for the two methods. These findings suggest that nanoindentation is an attractive characterization technique for bone cement, due to the small sample volumes required for testing. This may prove particularly useful in testing failed/retrieved cement samples from patients where material availability is typically limited. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 1461-1468, 2017.

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Testing and Performance of Bone Cements

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Modification of PMMA Cements for Cranioplasty with Bioactive Glass and Copper Doped Tricalcium Phosphate Particles

Modification of PMMA Cements for Cranioplasty with Bioactive Glass and Copper Doped Tricalcium Phosphate Particles

Viscoelastic properties of injectable bone cements for orthopaedic applications: State‐of‐the‐art review

Characterization of the quasi‐static and viscoelastic properties of orthopaedic bone cement at the macro and nanoscale

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