Testing anatomically specified hypotheses in functional imaging using cytoarchitectonic maps

Eickhoff, Simon B.; Heim, Stefan; Zilles, Karl; Amunts, Katrin

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.04.204

Cited by 592 publications

(467 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…2 Biii) in musicians relative to controls. Cytoarchitectonic maximum probability maps for Brodman areas 44 and 45 (Amunts et al, 1999;Eickhoff et al, 2006) localized 62% of activation to BA45 and 38% of activation to BA44 during 3DMR. Furthermore, the slope of the RT function for musicians was negatively correlated with activity only in Broca's area (x ϭ Ϫ54, y ϭ 24, z ϭ 9; t ϭ 5.52; p ϭ 0.02; two voxels, 70% probability of BA45) such that flatter slopes (i.e., better performance) were associated with increased activation in these voxels.…”

Section: Fmri Results For 3dmr Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functional mask was created by taking the within-group fixed effect maps at p uncorrected Ͻ 0.001 for each group and adding them to produce a liberal functional mask, which included all areas with increased BOLD signal in both groups during performance of the 3DMR task (i.e., inclusive masking). Regions of significantly increased activation were localized using the cytoarchitectonic maximum probability maps for Brodman areas 44 and 45 (Amunts et al, 1999) provided in the Anatomy Toolbox in SPM (Eickhoff et al, 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Broca's Area Supports Enhanced Visuospatial Cognition in Orchestral Musicians

Brooks²,

et al. 2007

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We provide neurobehavioral evidence supporting the transferable benefit of music training to alter brain function and enhance cognitive performance in a nonmusical visuospatial task in professional orchestral musicians. In particular, orchestral musicians' performance on a three-dimensional mental rotation (3DMR) task exhibited the behavioral profile normally only attained after significant practice, supporting the suggestion that these musicians already possessed well developed neural circuits to support 3DMR. Furthermore, functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that only orchestral musicians showed significantly increased activation in Broca's area, in addition to the well known visuospatial network, which was activated in both musicians and nonmusicians who were matched on age, sex, and verbal intelligence. We interpret these functional neuroimaging findings to reflect preferential recruitment of Broca's area, part of the neural substrate supporting sight reading and motor-sequence organization underpinning musical performance, to subserve 3DMR in musicians. Our data, therefore, provide convergent behavioral and neurofunctional evidence supporting the suggestion that development of the sight-reading skills of musical performance alters brain circuit organization which, in turn, confers a wider cognitive benefit, in particular, to nonmusical visuospatial cognition in professional orchestral musicians.

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Section: Fmri Results For 3dmr Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broca's Area Supports Enhanced Visuospatial Cognition in Orchestral Musicians

Brooks²,

et al. 2007

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“…The anatomical volume of interest can be defined by using the maximum probability maps or thresholding of individual probabilistic maps (e.g., >50%). Calculating the intersection between a volume of activation and anatomically defined volume, hypotheses can be tested and the structural substrates of functional activations can be inferred in a probabilistic context (Eickhoff et al, 2006). For example, it has been hypothesized, based upon anatomical data, that specific clusters of projection neurons in the basal forebrain together with specific prefrontal and posterior cortical associational regions constitute distributed elements of functional parallel circuits (Zaborszky, 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13). The generation of these maximum probability maps (MPM) is described elsewhere (Eickhoff et al, 2005(Eickhoff et al, ,2006. Histograms were calculated for quantifying the volume of overlap of the individual structures ( Figure 14).…”

Section: Delineation Of Basal Forebrain Areas In the Histological Secmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotaxic probabilistic maps of the magnocellular cell groups in human basal forebrain

et al. 2008

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The basal forebrain contains several interdigitating anatomical structures, including the diagonal band of Broca, the basal nucleus of Meynert, the ventral striatum, and also cell groups underneath the globus pallidus that bridge the centromedial amygdala to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Among the cell populations, the magnocellular, cholinergic corticopetal projection neurons have received particular attention due to their loss in Alzheimer's disease. In MRI images, the precise delineation of these structures is difficult due to limited spatial resolution and contrast. Here, using microscopic delineations in ten human postmortem brains, we present stereotaxic probabilistic maps of the basal forebrain areas containing the magnocellular cell groups. Cytoarchitectonic mapping was performed in silver stained histological serial sections. The positions and the extent of the magnocellular cell groups within the septum (Ch1-2), the horizontal limb of the diagonal band (Ch3), and in the sublenticular part of the basal forebrain (Ch4) were traced in high-resolution digitized histological sections, 3D reconstructed, and warped to the reference space of the MNI single subject brain. The superposition of the cytoarchitectonic maps in the MNI brain shows the intersubject variability of the various Ch compartments and their stereotaxic position relative to other brain structures. Both the right and left Ch4 regions showed significantly smaller volumes when age was considered as a covariate. Probabilistic maps of compartments of the basal forebrain magnocellular system are now available as an open source reference for correlation with fMRI, PET, and structural MRI data of the living human brain.

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“…For this reason, we defined Heschl's gyrus anatomically in individuals. To further illustrate individual variability, Figure 2a shows the probabilistic location of primary auditory cortex in the Jülich histological atlas, an atlas based on the microscopic and quantitative histological examination of 10 human postmortem brains, 3D reconstructed and linearly transformed into MNI152 space (Eickhoff et al, 2005(Eickhoff et al, , 2006(Eickhoff et al, , 2007. The location of primary auditory cortex is shown thresholded at 30% probability (3 of 10 brains).…”

Section: Stimuli and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Cross-Modal Processing in the Primary Auditory Cortex of Congenitally Deaf Adults: A Visual-Somatosensory fMRI Study with a Double-Flash Illusion

Karns¹,

Dow²,

Neville³

2012

Journal of Neuroscience

158

148

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The developing brain responds to the environment by using statistical correlations in input to guide functional and structural changesthat is, the brain displays neuroplasticity. Experience shapes brain development throughout life, but neuroplasticity is variable from one brain system to another. How does the early loss of a sensory modality affect this complex process? We examined cross-modal neuroplasticity in anatomically defined subregions of Heschl's gyrus, the site of human primary auditory cortex, in congenitally deaf humans by measuring the fMRI signal change in response to spatially coregistered visual, somatosensory, and bimodal stimuli. In the deaf Heschl's gyrus, signal change was greater for somatosensory and bimodal stimuli than that of hearing participants. Visual responses in Heschl's gyrus, larger in deaf than hearing, were smaller than those elicited by somatosensory stimulation. In contrast to Heschl's gyrus, in the superior-temporal cortex visual signal was comparable to somatosensory signal. In addition, deaf adults perceived bimodal stimuli differently; in contrast to hearing adults, they were susceptible to a double-flash visual illusion induced by two touches to the face. Somatosensory and bimodal signal change in rostrolateral Heschl's gyrus predicted the strength of the visual illusion in the deaf adults in line with the interpretation that the illusion is a functional consequence of the altered cross-modal organization observed in deaf auditory cortex. Our results demonstrate that congenital and profound deafness alters how vision and somatosensation are processed in primary auditory cortex.

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Testing anatomically specified hypotheses in functional imaging using cytoarchitectonic maps

Cited by 592 publications

References 35 publications

Broca's Area Supports Enhanced Visuospatial Cognition in Orchestral Musicians

Broca's Area Supports Enhanced Visuospatial Cognition in Orchestral Musicians

Stereotaxic probabilistic maps of the magnocellular cell groups in human basal forebrain

Altered Cross-Modal Processing in the Primary Auditory Cortex of Congenitally Deaf Adults: A Visual-Somatosensory fMRI Study with a Double-Flash Illusion

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