Testing a Structural Model of Psychological Well-Being and Constraints Negotiation in Recreational Sports Participation in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

The relationships among psychological well-being, constraints, negotiation, and participation were examined using structural equation modeling in patients with type 2 diabetes using a cross-sectional survey approach (N = 283). Despite a direct negative effect of constraints and a positive effect of negotiation on participation in recreational sports, we found no significant effect of constraints on the negotiation efforts of respondents. Instead, psychological well-being played an important role in the process. A higher level of psychological well-being not only directly decreases participation, but also indirectly increases participation by reducing constraints and promoting negotiation efforts. In particular, environmental mastery and personal growth indirectly increase participation by mitigating constraints; personal growth and positive relationships stimulate participation by boosting negotiation efforts and diminishing the discouraging impact of constraints on negotiation. However, a stronger purpose in life decreases both negotiation and participation.

Testing a Structural Model of Constraints Negotiation in Spectator Sports: The Moderating Effect of Satisfaction with Marketing Strategies

“…Instead, negotiation independently influences participation. This is consistent with Ma and Ma (2014), Wilhelm Stanis et al (2009), and Son et al (2008), suggesting that the strategies and resources used by the respondents were facilitators rather than negotiators. However, the results are inconsistent with previous studies that found negative relationships between constraint and participation (Chen, 2012;Hung et al, 2013;Kim & Trail, 2010;Son et al, 2008;White, 2008) and positive relationships between constraint and negotiation (Chen et al, 2018;Hubbard & Mannell, 2001;Loucks-Atkinson & Mannell, 2007;White, 2008).…”

“…The current study found that constraint did not significantly influence participation (Wilhelm Stanis et al, 2009;Chen et al, 2018) or negotiation (Ma & Ma, 2014;Son et al, 2008;Wilhelm Stanis et al, 2009). The current findings did not support the constraints-effectsmitigation model that negotiation mediated the relationship between constraint and participation (Hubbard & Mannell, 2001).…”

“…mitigation model,Chen et al (2018),Loucks- Atkinson and Mannell (2007), andWhite (2008) found that constraints had significantly positive effects on negotiation. In contrast,Ma and Ma (2014),Son et al (2008), and WilhelmStanis et al (2009), found no significant relationship. Despite the inconsistent results reported, based onHubbard and Mannell's (2001) mitigation model and empirical studies, the second hypothesis is:H2: Constraint has a direct positive effect on negotiation.…”

COVID-19 and vision impairment: Constraints negotiation, participation, and well-being during lockdown in the United Kingdom

“…CNT has an extensive history of theorisation, modelling, and construct development, especially within the field of leisure studies to understand factors affecting leisure participation and the extent to which they can be negotiated (Crawford et al, 1991;Hawkins et al, 1999;Jackson et al, 1993). A growing body of literature has expanded beyond the field of leisure studies including to disability studies (Burns & Graefe, 2007;Crawford & Stodolska, 2008;Henderson et al, 1995;Loucks-Atkinson & Mannell, 2007;Lyu et al, 2013;Ma & Ma, 2014;McKercher & Darcy, 2018;Park & Chowdhury, 2018).…”

Comprehensive Analysis of the Relationship Between Leisure Constraints Negotiation and Leisure Participation Within the Korean Context

“…It should also be noted that many empirical studies have been conducted in academia to identify the factors that affect participation in leisure activities. Amongst these factors, the relationship between participation in leisure activities was observed in terms of leisure constraints, leisure motivation, self-efficacy, leisure attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, aspiration, and leisure constraint negotiation variables ( Alexandris et al, 2007 ; Son et al, 2008 ; Kim, 2009 ; Lee and Scott, 2009 ; Choi et al, 2011 ; Hung and Petrick, 2012 ; Ryu and Lee, 2012 ; Ma and Ma, 2014 ; Son and Kim, 2014 ; Moghimehfar et al, 2018 ; Lee, 2019 ; Lim and Lee, 2019 ). In particular, leisure constraint negotiations have consistently been reported to be one of the major determinants of participation in leisure activities.…”