Test Results of RF ITER TF Conductors in the SULTAN Test Facility

Tronza, V.; Lelekhov, S.A.; Stepanov, B.; Bruzzone, Pierluigi; Kaverin, D. S.; Shutov, K. A.; Vysotsky, V.S.

doi:10.1109/tasc.2013.2289361

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Interestingly enough, the TF qualification process showed a wide variety of degradation behavior despite the fact that some conductors were technically identical [15]. There were also a few conductors showing very little sensitivity to cycling [16] which will be an issue addressed in the third article of this study.…”

Section: Iter Magnets and The Iter Conductor Development Programmentioning

confidence: 90%

Metallographic autopsies of full-scale ITER prototype cable-in-conduit conductors after full testing in SULTAN: 1. The mechanical role of copper strands in a CICC

Sanabria

Lee

Starch

et al. 2015

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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Cables made with Nb 3 Sn-based superconductor strands will provide the 13 T maximum peak magnetic field of the ITER central solenoid (CS) coils and they must survive up to 60 000 electromagnetic cycles. Accordingly, prototype designs of CS cable-in-conduit-conductors (CICC) were electromagnetically tested over multiple magnetic field cycles and warm-up-cooldown scenarios in the SULTAN facility at CRPP. We report here a post-mortem metallographic analysis of two CS CICC prototypes which exhibited some rate of irreversible performance degradation during cycling. The standard ITER CS CICC cable design uses a combination of superconducting and Cu strands, and because the Lorentz force on the strand is proportional to the transport current in the strand, removing the copper strands (while increasing the Cu:SC ratio of the superconducting strands) was proposed as one way of reducing the strand load. In this study we compare the two alternative CICCs, with and without Cu strands, keeping in mind that the degradation after the SULTAN test was lower for the CICC without Cu strands. The postmortem metallographic evaluation revealed that the overall strand transverse movement was 20% lower in the CICC without Cu strands and that the tensile filament fractures found were less, both indications of an overall reduction in high tensile strain regions. It was interesting to see that the Cu strands in the mixed cable design (with higher degradation) helped reduce the contact stresses on the high pressure side of the CICC, but in either case, the strain reduction mechanisms were not enough to suppress cyclic degradation. Advantages and disadvantages of each conductor design are discussed here aimed to understand the sources of the degradation.

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Section: Iter Magnets and The Iter Conductor Development Programmentioning

confidence: 90%

Metallographic autopsies of full-scale ITER prototype cable-in-conduit conductors after full testing in SULTAN: 1. The mechanical role of copper strands in a CICC

Sanabria

Lee

Starch

et al. 2015

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…In this case, all samples but one met the 5.8 K after 1000 EM cycles. Looking at the details of the results, it appears that all RF samples show good performance with no cycling degradation (there is even usually a small increase of T Cs over the first 50 to 100 EM cycles, the origin of which will be discussed later) [57][58]. The EU samples are reproducible, but appear very close to the limit after EM cycling (this particular conductor design was optimized to perform in such fashion) [54].…”

Section: Sultan Sample Summarymentioning

confidence: 94%

Challenges and status of ITER conductor production

Devred

Backbier

Bessette

et al. 2014

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

168

118

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Taking the relay of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, ITER has become the largest project in applied superconductivity. In addition to its technical complexity, ITER is also a management challenge as it relies on an unprecedented collaboration of 7 partners, representing more than half of the world population, who provide 90% of the components as in-kind contributions. The ITER magnet system has a stored energy of 51 GJ and involves 6 of the ITER partners. The coils are wound from Cable-In-Conduit Conductors (CICCs) made up of superconducting and copper strands assembled into a fully transposed, rope-type cable, inserted into a conduit of butt-welded austenitic steel tubes. The conductors for the Toroidal Field (TF) and Central Solenoid (CS) coils require about 500 tons of Nb 3 Sn strands while the Poloidal Field (PF) and Correction Coil (CC) and busbar conductors need around 250 tons of Nb-Ti strands. The required amount of Nb 3 Sn strands far exceeds pre-existing industrial capacity and has called for a significant worldwide production scale up. The TF conductors are the first ITER components to be mass produced and are more than 50% complete. During its life time, the CS coil will have to sustain several tens of thousands of electromagnetic (EM) cycles to high current and field conditions, way beyond anything a large Nb 3 Sn coil has ever experienced. Following a comprehensive R&D program, a technical solution has been found for the CS conductor, which ensures stable performance versus EM and thermal cycling. Productions of PF, CC and busbar conductors are also underway. After an introduction to the ITER project and magnet system, we describe the ITER conductor procurements and the Quality Assurance/Quality Control programs that have been implemented to ensure production uniformity across numerous suppliers. Then, we provide examples of technical challenges that have been encountered and we present a status of ITER conductor production worldwide.

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“…The main dimensions of the samples are approximately the same. The results of the tests of all samples were sufficient and met ITER requirements [6][7][8]. However the results of the TF samples tests were quite unexpected because no current sharing temperature (T cs ) degradation was observed [6,7].…”

Section: Tf and Pf Conductorsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The results of the tests of all samples were sufficient and met ITER requirements [6][7][8]. However the results of the TF samples tests were quite unexpected because no current sharing temperature (T cs ) degradation was observed [6,7]. This is a peculiarity of RF TF CICC and most probably occurs due to the unique strand layout and specific cabling procedure.…”

Section: Tf and Pf Conductorsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Progress with the ITER project activity in Russia

Krasilnikov¹,

Abdyuhanov

Aleksandrov³

et al. 2015

Nucl. Fusion

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Due to the development of the ITER project, the requirements of the technical parameters of the ITER systems were more precisely and practically determined to be at higher levels. The essential increase of the ITER system characteristics happened recently. A number of prototypes were manufactured and tests were carried out. The results of the development and manufacture of 25 ITER systems, subject to the Russian Federation's obligations in the ITER project, are described.

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Test Results of RF ITER TF Conductors in the SULTAN Test Facility

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Metallographic autopsies of full-scale ITER prototype cable-in-conduit conductors after full testing in SULTAN: 1. The mechanical role of copper strands in a CICC

Metallographic autopsies of full-scale ITER prototype cable-in-conduit conductors after full testing in SULTAN: 1. The mechanical role of copper strands in a CICC

Challenges and status of ITER conductor production

Progress with the ITER project activity in Russia

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