Terrorist targeting and energy security

Renewable Energy in the Context of Sustainable Development

“…Despite numerous prototype installations and a few small commercial projects, tidal and wave power technologies are still at a relatively early stage of development, therefore their potential impacts and risks are yet rather poorly understood (Westwood, 2007;Güney and Kaygusuz, 2010;Langhamer et al, 2010;Shields et al, 2011). Coq and Paltseva, 2009;Giroux, 2010;Toft et al, 2010;Lacher and Kumetat, 2010). Pirate attacks on oil/gas tankers (Hastings, 2009;Hong and Ng, 2010).…”

The extreme case of terrorism: a scientometric analysis

“…No one would deny that the intensity of an incident depends upon the type of attack, weapons (Toft et al 2010) and the responsible terrorist group (Vani 2009), but observing Fig. 1, it can be noted that the behavior of the fatality and event rates are similar to each other with a characteristic minimal difference at 2001.…”

“…The concept of terrorism is bound to have a volatile nature, as it is also well known that the terrorism promotes and raises counter-terrorism expenditures (Johnson 2002;Bueno De Mesquita and Dickson 2007;Abadie and Gardeazabal 2008;Rubenstein and Annas 2009;Arin et al 2011). Meanwhile, a growing body of peer-reviewed literature (Jackson et al 2007) examining the terrorist organization's behavior (Phillips 2010), motivation (Taylor 2010), social factors (Leistedt 2013), target (Toft et al 2010), worldwide platform for communication (Chen et al 2008), frequency (Clauset and Wiegel 2010), role of gender (Steans 2008;Jacques and Taylor 2009), effects of terrorism (Lin et al 2007) or counter-terrorism (Hoffman 2002;Pounder 2002;Frey and Luechinger 2004;Buresa 2006;Zhang 2007;Drakos and Giannakopoulos 2009) that have been published over time. Some of them concerned the concept of ''propaganda by deed'' (Watson 2012) and ''the use of spectacles of terror'' (Kellner 2010) in Hollywood disaster films (Frago et al 2010), some others estimated the probability (Clauset and Woodard 2012) and severity (Johnson 2011) of future terrorist events.…”

Political–security risk in the oil and gas industry: the impact of terrorism on risk management and mitigation

“…Oil wells are not to be attacked since these are needed to secure the wealth of the Muslim people after the Jihadists have taken control over ´their territories´ and defeated the West. Interests and a Review of the Laws Pertaining to Economic Jihad" (Toft, et al, 2010). As with the other two documents, it focuses on the oil and gas industry as an attractive target for terrorist organizations and argues that oil and gas installations that are not controlled by Muslims are legitimate targets.…”