Terrestrial organic matter input drives sedimentary trace metal sequestration in a human-impacted boreal estuary

Jokinen, Sami A.; Jilbert, Tom; Tiihonen-Filppula, Rosa; Koho, Karoliina A.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137047

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 193 publications

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“…Also the nutrients C and N have strong positive correlations with the same grain-size range, which indicates that the metals are associated with organic particles. This observation is supported 345 by recent studies, which demonstrate the importance of metal-organic matter aggregates in land-to-sea transfer of trace metals, particularly in boreal environments (Jokinen et al, 2020). When riverine dissolved organic matter is transformed to particulate form as it is discharged to the sea, dissolved metals are also transformed to particulate form, and passively enclosed in the produced metal-organic matter aggregates (Stolpe and Hassellöv, 2007;Valikhani Samani et al, 2015;Herzog et al, 2020).…”

Section: Metal Transport Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…IQR of the share of terrestrial organic carbon of the total organic C in the cores is 39.2-47.8 %, which is substantially higher than in, e.g. coastal sea areas of southern Finland, where the terrestrial share usually is less than 30 % (Jilbert et al, 2018;Jokinen et al, 2018Jokinen et al, , 2020. The terrestrial share is highest in cores from eastern Korshamnsfjärden (MGGN-2017-19) and Varisselkä (MGGN-2017-20) closest to the river mouths (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…When acidic metal-rich river waters from the boreal AS soil landscape are discharged to estuaries with higher pH and salinity, the metals are complexed with organic matter or co-precipitated with Al-, Fe-and Mn-oxyhydroxides and consequently deposited in sediments (Åstöm and Corin, 2000;Nystrand et al, 2016). Low-density organic aggregates have the capacity to be transported across estuarine gradients, and their role in the seaward trace metal transport has been highlighted in recent 50 studies, particularly in the Baltic Sea (Gustafsson et al, 2000;Herzog et al, 2020;Jokinen et al, 2020). It has been shown that trace metals from AS soils are enriched in seafloor sediments near the mouths of rivers draining from the coastal plains of western Finland compared to background values and to the parent AS soil material (Nordmyr et al, 2008a(Nordmyr et al, , 2008b, with documented deteriorating effects on local benthic invertebrate communities (Wallin et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enrichment of trace metals from acid sulphate soils in sediments of the Kvarken Archipelago, eastern Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

Virtasalo¹,

Österholm²,

Kotilainen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Rivers draining the acid sulphate soils of western Finland are known to deliver large amounts of trace metals with detrimental environmental consequences to the recipient estuaries in the eastern Gulf of Bothnia, northern Baltic Sea. However, the distribution of these metals in the coastal sea area, and the relevant metal transport mechanisms have been less studied. This study investigates the spatial and temporal distribution of metals in 9 sediment cores, collected from the Kvarken Archipelago, which is the recipient of Laihianjoki and Sulvanjoki Rivers that are impacted by acid sulphate soils. The contents of Cd, Co, Cu, La, Mn, Ni and Zn increase in the cores during the 1960s and 1970s as a consequence of intensive artificial drainage of the acid sulphate soil landscape. The metal deposition has remained at the high level since the 1980s. The metal enrichment in seafloor sediments is currently visible at least 25 km seaward from the river mouths. Comparison to sediment quality guidelines shows that the metal contents are very likely to cause detrimental effects on marine biota more than 12 km out from the river mouths. The dynamic sedimentary environment of the shallow archipelago makes these sediments potential future sources of metals to the ecosystem. Finally, the strong association of metals and nutrients to the same sediment grain size class of 2–6 µm indicates that the transformation of dissolved organic matter and metals to metal-organic aggregates at the river mouths is the key mechanism of seaward trace metal transport, in addition to co-precipitation with Mn-oxyhydroxides identified in previous studies. The large share of terrestrial organic carbon of the total organic C in these sediments (interquartile range = 39–48 %) highlights the importance of riverine organic matter supply. These findings are important for the estimation of environmental risks and the management of biologically-sensitive coastal sea ecosystems.

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Section: Metal Transport Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 65%

mentioning

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enrichment of trace metals from acid sulphate soils in sediments of the Kvarken Archipelago, eastern Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

Virtasalo¹,

Österholm²,

Kotilainen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Deb, 1950;Mackenzie, 1954;Zhao et al, 2016;Wagai and Mayer, 2007;Schulten and Leinweber, 1995), clays (Aguilera and Jackson, 1953;Deb, 1950;Mehra and Jackson, 1958;Mitchell and Mackenzie, 1954), plant roots (Taylor and Crowder, 1983), cryoconite accumulated on glaciers (Cong et al, 2018), estuarine sediments (e.g. Jokinen et al, 2020;Zhao et al, 2018) and marine sediments (e.g. Barber et al, 2017;Lalonde et al, 2012;Salvado et al, 2015), with each material possessing unique physical and chemical characteristics.…”

Section: Freeze Drying Of Samples As a Limiting Factor On Fe Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Note: Uncovering the influence of methodological variations on the extractability of iron bound organic carbon

Fisher¹,

Faust²,

Moore³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Association of organic carbon (OC) with reactive iron (FeR) represents an important mechanism by which OC is protected against remineralisation in soils and marine sediments. Recent studies indicate that the molecular structure of organic compounds and/or the identity of associated FeR phases exerts a control on the ability of an OC-FeR complex to be extracted by the citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite (CBD) method. While many variations of this method exist in the literature, these are often uncalibrated to each other, rendering comparisons of OC-FeR values extracted by different method iterations impossible. Here, we created a synthetic ferrihdyrite sample coprecipitated with simple organic structures and subjected these to modifications of the most common CBD method. Method parameters (reagent concentration, time of the extraction and sample preparation methods) were altered and FeR recovery measured to determine which (if any) modifications resulted in the greatest release of FeR from the sediment sample. We provide an assessment of the reducing capacity of Na dithionite in the CBD method and find that the concentration of dithionite deployed can limit OC-FeR extractability for sediments with a high FeR content. Additionally, we show that extending the length of any CBD extraction offers no benefit in removing FeR. Finally, we demonstrate that for synthetic OC-FeR samples, the almost universal technique of freeze drying samples can significantly reduce OC-FeR extractability and we offer insight into how this may translate to environmental samples using Arctic Ocean sediments. These results provide a valuable perspective on how the efficiency of this extraction could be improved to provide a more accurate assessment of sediment OC-FeR content. Accurate determinations of OC-FeR in sediments and soils represents an important step in improving our understanding of, and ability to model, the global carbon cycle.

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“…7000 years ago (Virtasalo et al, 2007;Häusler et al, 2017). These muds have since emerged above sea level as a result of rapid land uplift (today 4-9 mm yr −1 in western Finland; Mäkinen and Saaranen, 1998;Kakkuri, 2012). Artificial drainage and reclamation of these lands for farming purposes, which was particularly intensive in Finland in the 1960s and 1970s, has caused a significant lowering of the groundwater level (Saarinen et al, 2010;Yu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment of trace metals from acid sulfate soils in sediments of the Kvarken Archipelago, eastern Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Rivers draining the acid sulfate soils of western Finland are known to deliver large amounts of trace metals with detrimental environmental consequences to the recipient estuaries in the eastern Gulf of Bothnia, northern Baltic Sea. However, the distribution of these metals in the coastal sea area and the relevant metal transport mechanisms have been less studied. This study investigates the spatial and temporal distribution of metals in sediments at nine sites in the Kvarken Archipelago, which is the recipient system of Laihianjoki and Sulvanjoki rivers that are impacted by acid sulfate soils. The contents of Cd, Co, Cu, La, Mn, Ni, and Zn increased in the cores during the 1960s and 1970s as a consequence of intensive artificial drainage of the acid sulfate soil landscape. Metal deposition has remained at high levels since the 1980s. The metal enrichment in sea floor sediments is currently visible at least 25 km seaward from the river mouths. Comparison with sediment quality guidelines shows that the metal contents are very likely to cause detrimental effects on marine biota more than 12 km out from the river mouths. The dynamic sedimentary environment of the shallow archipelago makes these sediments potential future sources of metals to the ecosystem. Finally, the strong association of metals and nutrients in the same sediment grain size class of 2–6 µm suggests that the transformation of dissolved organic matter and metals to metal–organic aggregates at the river mouths is the key mechanism of seaward trace metal transport, in addition to co-precipitation with Mn oxyhydroxides identified in previous studies. The large share of terrestrial organic carbon in the total organic C in these sediments (interquartile range – 39 %–48 %) highlights the importance of riverine organic matter supply. These findings are important for the estimation of environmental risks and the management of biologically sensitive coastal sea ecosystems.

show abstract

Terrestrial organic matter input drives sedimentary trace metal sequestration in a human-impacted boreal estuary

Cited by 50 publications

References 193 publications

Enrichment of trace metals from acid sulphate soils in sediments of the Kvarken Archipelago, eastern Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

Enrichment of trace metals from acid sulphate soils in sediments of the Kvarken Archipelago, eastern Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

Technical Note: Uncovering the influence of methodological variations on the extractability of iron bound organic carbon

Enrichment of trace metals from acid sulfate soils in sediments of the Kvarken Archipelago, eastern Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

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