Terrestrial Ecosystems and Their Change

Shvidenko, А.; Gustafson, Eric J.; McGuire, A. David; Харук, В. И.; Schepaschenko, Dmitry; Shugart, Herman H.; Tchebakova, Nadezhda M.; Vygodskaya, N. N.; Онучин, А. А.; Hayes, Daniel J.; McCallum, Ian; Maksyutov, Shamil; Mukhortova, L.V.; Soja, A. J.; Marchesini, Luca Belelli; Kurbatova, S. A.; Oltchev, A.; Parfenova, E. I.; Shuman, J. K.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4569-8_6

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…Growing conditions suitable for woody vegetation are present [33]. The development and dynamics of the vegetation structure and properties show a strong correlation to the summer temperature trends and growing season length [65][66][67]. Tree ring analysis, based on [68], has confirmed these findings.…”

Section: Vegetation Structure Change Detection Using High Resolution mentioning

confidence: 76%

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Pan-Arctic Climate and Land Cover Trends Derived from Multi-Variate and Multi-Scale Analyses (1981–2012)

et al. 2014

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Arctic ecosystems have been afflicted by vast changes in recent decades. Changes in temperature, as well as precipitation, are having an impact on snow cover, vegetation productivity and coverage, vegetation seasonality, surface albedo, and permafrost dynamics. The coupled climate-vegetation change in the arctic is thought to be a positive feedback in the Earth system, which can potentially further accelerate global warming. This study focuses on the co-occurrence of temperature, precipitation, snow cover, and vegetation greenness trends between 1981 and 2012 in the pan-arctic region based on coarse resolution climate and remote sensing data, as well as ground stations. Precipitation significantly increased during summer and fall. Temperature had the strongest increase during the winter months (twice than during the summer months). The snow water equivalent had the highest trends during the transition seasons of the year. Vegetation greenness trends are characterized by a constant increase during the vegetation-growing period. High spatial resolution remote sensing data were utilized to map structural vegetation changes between 1973 and 2012 for a selected test region in Northern Siberia. An intensification of woody vegetation cover at the taiga-tundra transition area was found. The observed co-occurrence of climatic and ecosystem changes is an example of the multi-scale feedbacks in the arctic ecosystems.

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Section: Vegetation Structure Change Detection Using High Resolution mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The area of investigation is characterized by continental climate conditions and represents the northernmost forest regions [64], acting as a carbon sink [65]. Larch (larix gmelinii) is the dominant tree species.…”

Section: Vegetation Structure Change Detection Using High Resolution mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-Arctic Climate and Land Cover Trends Derived from Multi-Variate and Multi-Scale Analyses (1981–2012)

et al. 2014

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“…Expected droughts require an anticipatory policy of purposeful change of species composition aiming at increasing of the share of drought tolerant species and use of drought resistant provenance. The change of disturbance regimes, which is already observed in Ukraine, supposes development of a new system of forest protection against biotic agents, fire and unfavorable weather conditions ( [8,22,55], among others). Implementation of integrated land management on an ecosystem-landscape basis (including populated areas, agriculture, forests, and industry) is of a crucial importance to assess stability of natural landscapes and provide favorable living conditions for population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of Ukrainian Forests to Climate Change

Shvidenko

Buksha²,

Krakovska

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:Ukraine is a country of the Mid-Latitude ecotone-a transition zone between forest zone and forestless dry lands. Availability of water defines distribution of the country's forests and decreases their productivity towards the south. Climate change generates a particular threat for Ukrainian forests and stability of agroforestry landscapes. This paper considers the impacts of expected climate change on vulnerability of Ukrainian forests using ensembles of global and regional climatic models (RCM) based on Scenarios B1, A2, A1B of the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change, and a "dry and warm" scenario A1B+T−P (increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation). The spatially explicit assessment was provided by RCM for the WMO standard period (1961-1990), "recent" (1991-2010) and three future periods: 2011-2030, 2031-2050 and 2081-2100. Forest-climate model by Vorobjov and model of amplitude of flora's tolerance to climate change by Didukh, as well as a number of specialized climatic indicators, were used in the assessment. Different approaches lead to rather consistent conclusions. Water stress is the major limitation factor of distribution and resilience of flatland Ukrainian forests. Within Scenario A1B, the area with unsuitable growth conditions for major forest forming species will substantially increase by end of the century occupying major part of Ukraine. Scenario A1B+T−P projects even a more dramatic decline of the country's forests. It is expected that the boundary of conditions that are favorable for forests will shift to north and northwest, and forests of the xeric belt will be the most vulnerable. Consistent policies of adaptation and mitigation might reduce climate-induced risks for Ukrainian forests.Keywords: Ukrainian forests; climate change; xeric belt; predictions of state and distribution of forests over 21st century; Mid-Latitude ecotone

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“…For example, in the Krasnoyarsk Krai, the total area of forests decreased by 5 %, while that of mature coniferous forests decreased by 25 %. Overall, the typical processes in these regions are a dramatic decline in the quality of forests, unsustainable use of forest resources, and insufficient governance and forest management in the region, including frequent occurrence of illegal logging, natural, and human-induced disturbances (Shvidenko et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Social System -State-of-the-art and Future Research Needs 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The northern Eurasian regions and Arctic Ocean will very likely undergo substantial changes during the next decades. The Arctic-boreal natural environments play a crucial role in the global climate via albedo change, carbon sources and sinks as well as atmospheric aerosol production from biogenic volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is expected that global trade activities, demographic movement, and use of natural resources will be increasing in the Arctic regions. There is a need for a novel research approach, which not only identifies and tackles the relevant multi-disciplinary research questions, but also is able to make a holistic system analysis of the expected feedbacks. In this paper, we introduce the research agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX), a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary and international program started in 2012 (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex/). PEEX sets a research approach by which large-scale research topics are investigated from a system perspective and which aims to fill the key gaps in our understanding of the feedbacks and interactions between the land-atmosphereaquatic-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region. We introduce here the state of the art for the key topics in the PEEX research agenda and present the future prospects of the research, which we see relevant in this context.

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Terrestrial Ecosystems and Their Change

Cited by 27 publications

References 147 publications

Pan-Arctic Climate and Land Cover Trends Derived from Multi-Variate and Multi-Scale Analyses (1981–2012)

Pan-Arctic Climate and Land Cover Trends Derived from Multi-Variate and Multi-Scale Analyses (1981–2012)

Vulnerability of Ukrainian Forests to Climate Change

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

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