Terrace Development along the Front of the Beartooth Mountains, Southern Montana

An experimental investigation of autogenic behaviour during alluvial fan evolution

“…Despite this, fans that have evolved in response to similar regional environmental conditions are not always in the same stage of geomorphic development, implying that extrinsic controls cannot always explain adequately the details of fan morphology (e.g. Ritter, 1967;Wells and Harvey, 1987). The example of fan head trenching and migration of the intersection point have often been cited as reflecting the existence of an intrinsic threshold that, when crossed, leads to readjustment of the fan system (e.g.…”

Catastrophic middle Pleistocene jökulhlaups in the upper Susquehanna River: Distinctive landforms from breakout floods in the central Appalachians

“…Although most of the Pleistocene sediment is no longer mobilized by modern floods, high magnitude events readily inundate the jökulhlaup surfaces. The legacy of the jökulhlaups has considerably impacted the nature of the evolution of the piedmont region by post-glacial drainage in a manner similar to that described by Ritter (1967) along the Beartooth Front in Montana. Post-glacial streams have not had the competence to mobilize the jökulhlaup sediment.…”

“…Inversion of topography along piedmont areas from armoring by glacial outwash composed of resistant clasts has been well documented along the Beartooth Front in Montana (Ritter, 1967). Ritter (1967) illustrated the importance of this process in the evolution of mountain-front geomorphology where Pleistocene outwash terraces along Rock Creek and other streams emanating from the Beartooth Mountains decrease in age as they step down, with the oldest terrace now forming major watershed divides as topography has been inverted (Fig.…”

“…Ritter (1967) illustrated the importance of this process in the evolution of mountain-front geomorphology where Pleistocene outwash terraces along Rock Creek and other streams emanating from the Beartooth Mountains decrease in age as they step down, with the oldest terrace now forming major watershed divides as topography has been inverted (Fig. 13).…”

Fluvial terrace formation along Wyoming's Laramie Range as a response to increased late Pleistocene flood magnitudes

“…However, models involving stream capture have also been invoked in several studies (Mackin, 1937;Ritter, 1967). While stream captures may have impacted the Laramie River and Sybille Creek in the Pleistocene, this model is not applicable to the formation of the T5-T1 terrace fills because there is no evidence suggesting that either of these streams occupied different valleys during the last 4-5 terraceforming events (Fig.…”