Teratogenic Activity of Nitrous Oxide

Fink, B. Raymond; Shepard, T. H.; Blandau, Richard J.

doi:10.1097/00132586-196810000-00021

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…34,35 The mechanism by which N 2 O induces vitamin B 12 deficiency is through the oxidation of cobalamin I to cobalamin III. 37,38 Mazze and Kallen 39 found that administration of 75% N 2 O to pregnant rats for 24 hours on day 9 of gestation increased the incidence of fetal malformations and both early and late resorptions. 36 Studies are conflicting in regard to fetal outcome after exposure to N 2 O.…”

Section: Nitrous Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatologic Surgery and the Pregnant Patient

Richards

Stasko

2002

Dermatologic Surgery

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background. Because of concerns about potential harm to the mother or fetus, dermatologic surgeons are frequently hesitant to perform cutaneous surgery on pregnant patients. objective. To review the relevant physiologic changes during pregnancy, appropriate preparation for and timing of procedures, and drug safety. methods. A literature review was performed of dermatologic and nondermatologic journals discussing physiology, surgery, and drug safety in the pregnant patient. results. Special positioning is required for the pregnant patient during surgery. Low doses of most local anesthetics with epinephrine as well as nitrous oxide less than 50% are safe to use during pregnancy. Sedatives and opioids are potential teratogens and should be avoided. Safe antibiotics to use during skin surgery in pregnancy include penicillins, cephalosporins, and nonestolate erythromycin. If necessary, lymph node dissections under general anesthesia in the pregnant melanoma patient should occur during the second trimester. conclusion. With appropriate preparation, safe and successful cutaneous surgery can be performed on the pregnant patient. Respiratory ChangesBy term, there is an increase in tidal volume and minute respiration to 30-40% due to increased fetal K.A. Richards, MD and T. Stasko, MD have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.

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Section: Nitrous Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatologic Surgery and the Pregnant Patient

Richards

Stasko

2002

Dermatologic Surgery

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“…Concerns about teratogenicity arose with animal studies showing resorption of foetuses, low‐birth weight, and skeletal anomalies associated with exposures to nitrous oxide and halothane [Fink et al, 1967; Basford and Fink, 1968; Bussard, 1976]. Since then, a series of epidemiological studies have reported increased risks of spontaneous abortion [American Society of Anesthesiologists, 1974; Axelsson and Rylander, 1982; Johnson et al, 1987; McDonald et al, 1988a; Guirguis et al, 1990; Saurel‐Cubizolles et al, 1994; Rowland et al, 1995; Gauger et al, 2003], though some have not [Lauwerys et al, 1981; Ericson and Kallen, 1985; Hemminki et al, 1985; Shuhaiber et al, 2002].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to anesthetic gases and congenital anomalies in offspring of female registered nurses

Teschke

Abanto

Arbour

et al. 2011

American J Industrial Med

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“…45 A review of the published data indicates that properly administered N 2 O with a scavenger system does not increase the incidence of spontaneous abortions, infertility or teratogenicity in exposed pregnant women. 46 N 2 O should not be given to patients after head injury or to anybody with an impaired mental state.…”

Section: Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%