Terahertz electric field modulated mode coupling in graphene-metal hybrid metamaterials

Li, Shaoxian; Nugraha, Priyo S.; Su, Xiaoqiang; Chen, Xieyu; Yang, Quanlong; Unferdorben, Márta; Kovács, Ferenc; Kunsági‐Máté, Sándor; Li, Meng; Zhang, Xueqian; Ouyang, Chunmei; Li, Yanfeng; Fülöp, J. A.; Han, Jiaguang; Zhang, Weili

doi:10.1364/oe.27.002317

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…[38,39] These exceptional properties makes graphene an excellent competitor than other active materials to be combined with metasurfaces for ultrafast control of optical resonances. [40][41][42][43][44][45] On this respect, researchers have been inspired to incorporate graphene with all-dielectric metasurfaces for active tunability. For instance, the combination of dielectric metasurfaces with graphene layer is proposed to achieve the tunable transmission of the trapped modes for optical modulator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong interaction between graphene and localized hot spots in all-dielectric metasurfaces

Xiao

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2019

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The active photonics based on the two-dimensional material graphene has attracted enormous interests for developing the tunable and compact optical devices with high efficiency. Here we integrate graphene into the Fano-resonant all-dielectric metasurfaces consisting of silicon split resonators, and systematically investigate the strong interaction between graphene and the highly localized hot inside feed gaps in the near infrared regime. The numerical results show that the integrated graphene can substantially reduce the Fano resonance due to the coupling effect between the intrinsic absorption of graphene with enhanced electric field in the localized hotspot. With the manipulation of the surface conductivity via varying Fermi level and the layer number of graphene, the Fano resonance strength obtains a significant modulation and is even switched off. This works provides a great degree of freedom to tailor light-matter interaction at the nanoscale and opens up the avenues for actively tunable and integrated nanophotonic device applications, such as the optical biosensing, slow light and enhanced nonlinear effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong interaction between graphene and localized hot spots in all-dielectric metasurfaces

Xiao

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2019

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…A representative unit cell of the proposed metamaterial, based on two orthogonally twisted SRRs, is vividly illustrated in Figure 1 being the thickness, and a silicon (with refractive index 3.42) substrate is assembled at the bottom. The proposed concept of a metal-graphene metamaterial can be realized by the different types of structures, but in this paper, this simple SRR structure is selected due to the perfect electrical interplay between its split-gap and the active graphene layer material [18,24]. The linearly ypolarized plane wave along the negative z direction is adopted as incident light all through the paper.…”

Section: Proposed Structure and Simulation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the remarkable tunability of graphene conductivity in the terahertz band, many terahertz control devices are proposed with graphene as the active material [12][13][14][15][16]. The combination of graphene and metallic metamaterials, and the design of metamaterials based on a patterned graphene structure can be the basis of the construction of tunable PIT metamaterials [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. However, it is difficult to tune the surface conductivity of patterned graphene resonators, which limits the scalability of these tunable approaches in practical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Plasmon-Induced Transparency through Bright Mode Resonator in a Metal–Graphene Terahertz Metamaterial

2020

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The combination of graphene and metamaterials is the ideal route to achieve active control of the electromagnetic wave in the terahertz (THz) regime. Here, the tunable plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) metamaterial, integrating metal resonators with tunable graphene, is numerically investigated at THz frequencies. By varying the Fermi energy of graphene, the reconfigurable coupling condition is actively modulated and continuous manipulation of the metamaterial resonance intensity is achieved. In this device structure, monolayer graphene operates as a tunable conductive film which yields actively controlled PIT behavior and the accompanied group delay. This device concept provides theoretical guidance to design compact terahertz modulation devices.

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“…The broadly utilized coupled oscillator model [47,48] is adopted to analyze the absorption spectra and near field interaction of the resonances between the stacked layers due to the effect of graphene coupling in an effort to elucidate the physical mechanism of the graphene-metal stacked antenna frequency tunability behavior. The effect of coupling between the two resonances is related to change form the radiative state to the dark plasmonic state.…”

Section: Hybrid Graphene-metal Antenna Designing Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Absorption Enhancement and Equivalent Resonant Circuit Modeling of Tunable Graphene-Metal Hybrid Antenna

Ullah

Nawi

Witjaksono³

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Plasmonic antennas are attractive optical components of the optoelectronic devices, operating in the far-infrared regime for sensing and imaging applications. However, low optical absorption hinders its potential applications, and their performance is limited due to fixed resonance frequency. In this article, a novel gate tunable graphene-metal hybrid plasmonic antenna with stacking configuration is proposed and investigated to achieve tunable performance over a broad range of frequencies with enhanced absorption characteristics. The hybrid graphene-metal antenna geometry is built up with a hexagon radiator that is supported by the Al2O3 insulator layer and graphene reflector. This stacked structure is deposited in the high resistive Si wafer substrate, and the hexagon radiator itself is a sandwich structure, which is composed of gold hexagon structure and two multilayer graphene stacks. The proposed antenna characteristics i.e., tunability of frequency, the efficiency corresponding to characteristics modes, and the tuning of absorption spectra, are evaluated by full-wave numerical simulations. Besides, the unity absorption peak that was realized through the proposed geometry is sensitive to the incident angle of TM-polarized incidence waves, which can flexibly shift the maxima of the absorption peak from 30 THz to 34 THz. Finally, an equivalent resonant circuit model for the investigated antenna based on the simulations results is designed to validate the antenna performance. Parametric analysis of the proposed antenna is carried out through altering the geometric parameters and graphene parameters in the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) studio. This clearly shows that the proposed antenna has a resonance frequency at 33 THz when the graphene sheet Fermi energy is increased to 0.3 eV by applying electrostatic gate voltage. The good agreement of the simulation and equivalent circuit model results makes the graphene-metal antenna suitable for the realization of far-infrared sensing and imaging device containing graphene antenna with enhanced performance.

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Terahertz electric field modulated mode coupling in graphene-metal hybrid metamaterials

Cited by 23 publications

References 52 publications

Strong interaction between graphene and localized hot spots in all-dielectric metasurfaces

Strong interaction between graphene and localized hot spots in all-dielectric metasurfaces

Tunable Plasmon-Induced Transparency through Bright Mode Resonator in a Metal–Graphene Terahertz Metamaterial

Dynamic Absorption Enhancement and Equivalent Resonant Circuit Modeling of Tunable Graphene-Metal Hybrid Antenna

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