Tephrostratigraphy and glass compositions of post-15 kyr Campi Flegrei eruptions: implications for eruption history and chronostratigraphic markers

Smith, Vicki; Isaia, Roberto; Pearce, Nick

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.07.012

Cited by 239 publications

(260 citation statements)

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“…Although Astroni 1 shows no evidence of pre-eruptive magma mixing 18,41 , mingling is reported in other Campi Flegrei eruptions, including later eruptions from the Astroni vent 10,18,41 . The solubility of H 2 O in phonolite is not significantly affected by temperature 42 , so pre-eruptive magma replenishment and mixing would 'dilute' the dissolved volatile content of the silicate melt, returning the system to a 11 more undersaturated state.…”

Section: Pre-eruptive Volatile Undersaturation At Campi Flegreimentioning

confidence: 80%

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Late-stage volatile saturation as a potential trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions

et al. 2016

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. (2016) 'Late-stage volatile saturation as a potential trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions.', Nature geoscience., 9 (3). pp. 249-254. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2639Publisher's copyright statement:Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Volatile variations in apatite and hydrous glassesThe volatile composition of apatite relates to that of its host liquid by a set of exchange reactions between F, Cl and OH, for example:where exchange coefficients, K, are constant at a given pressure (P) and temperature (T) (ref. 12), f is fugacity, X is mole fraction and superscripts l and Ap denote the liquid and apatite phases, respectively. We measured F, Cl and OH directly using secondary ion mass spectrometry and electron microprobe analysis (see Supplementary Methods). We neglect 4 sulphur, because S diffusion in apatite is inhibited by a coupled substitution 19 , and equilibrium is not maintained on short timescales. Apatite compositions from Astroni 1 show a negative correlation between X F and X OH and a weaker negative correlation between X Cl and X OH (where X F , X Cl and X OH are the mole fractions of F, Cl and OH, respectively;Supplementary Table 1), demonstrating this exchange of components within the crystal volatile site. Some crystals are slightly non-stoichiometric, within the range reported in other studies 20 . We focus on mole fraction ratios as these relate to liquid composition, pressure and temperature through relationships such as equation (1). Data show a positive correlation between X Cl /X OH and X F /X OH ( Fig. 2a), with one low-X Cl , high-X F outlier. In general, X F /X Cl is constant within error, except in the outlier which has high X F /X Cl ( Fig. 2b). Clinopyroxenehosted apatite inclusions extend to higher X halogen /X OH ratios than biotite-hosted apatite inclusions. Both clinopyroxene-and biotite-hosted inclusions extend to higher X halogen /X OH ratios than apatite microphenocrysts that were in contact with melt until eruption. The overall X halogen /X OH trend is apparently linear, suggesting that there was no significant relative change in F or Cl compatibility during apatite crystallization. (Fig. 3a-c). However, matrix glasses have low H 2 O contents relative to both clinopyroxene-and biotite-hosted melt inclusions, typically <1 wt% (Fig. 3d). Modelling fractionation and volatile saturationWe model magma evolution in the Campi Flegrei system using the Rhyolite-MELTS thermodynamic software 23,24, 25,26 Disc...

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Section: Pre-eruptive Volatile Undersaturation At Campi Flegreimentioning

confidence: 80%

“…1) 18 . Our approach is distinct from previous studies, which have assessed apatite growth zoning 13 or texturally unconstrained analyses 12 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Late-stage volatile saturation as a potential trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions

et al. 2016

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“…Geochemical time-series studies on timescales of months to thousands of years typically address eruptive histories and magmatic evolution of individual volcanoes and mostly focus on proximal terrestrial tephra sequences (e.g., Smith et al, 2005Smith et al, , 2011aDonoghue et al, 2007;Óladóttir et al, 2008Hasegawa et al, 2011;Turner et al, 2011;Firth et al, 2014;Iverson et al, 2014;Schindlbeck et al, 2014;Fontijn et al, 2015;Ponomareva et al, 2015). On a longer time scale (thousands to millions of years), tephras are more readily preserved in nonerosive marine environments that are relatively close to active volcanoes.…”

Section: Tephra As a Materials For Petrological And Geochemical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tephra without Borders: Far-Reaching Clues into Past Explosive Eruptions

2015

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This review is intended to highlight recent exciting advances in the study of distal (>100 km from the source) tephra and cryptotephra deposits and their potential application for volcanology. Geochemical correlations of tephra between proximal and distal locations have extended the geographical distribution of tephra over tens of millions square kilometers. Such correlations embark on the potential to reappraise volume and magnitude estimates of known eruptions. Cryptotephra investigations in marine, lake, and ice-core records also give rise to continuous chronicles of large explosive eruptions many of which were hitherto unknown. Tephra preservation within distal ice sheets and varved lake sediments permit precise dating of parent eruptions and provide new insight into the frequency of eruptions. Recent advances in analytical methods permit an examination of magmatic processes and the evolution of the whole volcanic belts at distances of hundreds and thousands of kilometers from source. Distal tephrochronology has much to offer volcanology and has the potential to significantly contribute to our understanding of sizes, recurrence intervals and geochemical make-up of the large explosive eruptions.

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“…Reanalysis of the geochemical characteristics of ash layers in the Mediterranean has shown that glass chemistry is often not unique to an eruption (Turney et al 2008;Smith et al 2011). Therefore other characteristics, for example the stratigraphy, chronology of the core and the magnitude of the eruption, are taken into account when assessing tephra provenance (Turney et al 2008;Smith et al 2011;Tomlinson et al 2012). Table 1 for further information).…”

Section: The Campanian Ignimbrite (Ci) Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical characteristics of tephra layers in the deep sea realm: the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption

Engwell

Sparks

Carey

2014

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Tephra deposits in the deep sea can survive undisturbed for long periods of time and, on regional scales, tend to be much better preserved than their subaerial counterparts. In this study, grain size distributions and thicknesses of tephra deposits from the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption (39 000 yr BP; magnitude c. 7.7) preserved in thirty-three deep sea cores are analysed to infer key eruption parameters. Distal deep sea tephra thickness data show an exponential decrease with distance from source. Such trends are difficult to identify in distal subaerial data owing to reworking and limited exposure. We find that tephra grain size distributions are much less affected by depositional environment than thickness, with trends that are consistent across distal subaerial, lacustrine and deep sea environments. The CI layer exhibits bimodal grain size distributions to distances of c. 1000 km, after which it becomes unimodal. Such trends can be related to different mechanisms of tephra transport in the atmosphere, whereby at proximal to medial distances the Plinian and co-ignimbrite phases produce distinct plumes. Within 150 and 900 km from source, Plinian tephra constitutes 40 + 5% of the deposit volume. Beyond this region where coarse particles are deposited, the plumes merge and fines derived largely from co-ignimbrite elutriation are spread in the atmosphere at velocities greater than the settling velocities of the particles.

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Tephrostratigraphy and glass compositions of post-15 kyr Campi Flegrei eruptions: implications for eruption history and chronostratigraphic markers

Cited by 239 publications

References 46 publications

Late-stage volatile saturation as a potential trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions

Late-stage volatile saturation as a potential trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions

Tephra without Borders: Far-Reaching Clues into Past Explosive Eruptions

Physical characteristics of tephra layers in the deep sea realm: the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption

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