2015
DOI: 10.3389/feart.2015.00083
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Tephra without Borders: Far-Reaching Clues into Past Explosive Eruptions

Abstract: This review is intended to highlight recent exciting advances in the study of distal (>100 km from the source) tephra and cryptotephra deposits and their potential application for volcanology. Geochemical correlations of tephra between proximal and distal locations have extended the geographical distribution of tephra over tens of millions square kilometers. Such correlations embark on the potential to reappraise volume and magnitude estimates of known eruptions. Cryptotephra investigations in marine, lake, an… Show more

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Cited by 52 publications
(40 citation statements)
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“…Improving the known geographical extent of 9 th and 10 th century tephras would also help, as this would improve the number of isochrons available at specific locations. Use of either poorly defined layers (Dugmore and Newton, 2012) or cryptotephras (Dugmore et al, 1991) could achieve this -but across much of Iceland the latter would require methodological innovations to isolate low concentrations of very fine-grained tephras within sedimentologically-similar volcanically-derived andosols (Davies, 2015;Ponomareva et al, 2015).…”
Section: Chronology Of Archaeological Sitesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Improving the known geographical extent of 9 th and 10 th century tephras would also help, as this would improve the number of isochrons available at specific locations. Use of either poorly defined layers (Dugmore and Newton, 2012) or cryptotephras (Dugmore et al, 1991) could achieve this -but across much of Iceland the latter would require methodological innovations to isolate low concentrations of very fine-grained tephras within sedimentologically-similar volcanically-derived andosols (Davies, 2015;Ponomareva et al, 2015).…”
Section: Chronology Of Archaeological Sitesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Geochemical fingerprinting of glass shards has been proved to be a reliable tool for tephra correlations (e.g., Kutterolf, Freundt, Peréz, et al, ; Kutterolf et al, ; Ponomareva et al, , ; Lowe, ; Schindlbeck, Kutterolf, Freundt, Alvarado, et al, ). Correlations of ash beds to terrestrial deposits as well as between different marine sites are based on major and trace element concentrations and ratios (Kutterolf, Freundt, Peréz, et al, ; Kutterolf et al, , ; Neugebauer et al, ; Schindlbeck et al, ; Schindlbeck, Kutterolf, Freundt, Alvarado, et al, ; Schindlbeck et al, ; Wulf et al, ) as well as the relative stratigraphic positions and age constraints.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Wide areal distribution across sedimentary facies boundaries, near‐instantaneous emplacement, unambiguous chemical compositions, and the presence of minerals suitable for radio‐isotopic dating make the deposits of volcanic eruptions to excellent stratigraphic marker beds in terrestrial and marine sediments. Furthermore, they provide constraints on the temporal evolution of both the volcanic source region and the ash‐containing sediment facies (e.g., Kutterolf, Freundt, Peréz, et al, ; Kutterolf, Freundt, & Peréz, ; Kutterolf, Freundt, Schacht, et al, ; Kutterolf, Liebetrau, et al, ; Kutterolf et al ; Ponomareva et al, , , ; Schindlbeck, Kutterolf, Freundt, Alvarado, et al, ; Schindlbeck, Kutterolf, Freundt, Andrews, et al, ; Schindlbeck, Kutterolf, Freundt, Straub, et al, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Secondly, the geographical frontiers of tephrochronology are constantly being extended, in part by modern, systematic cryptotephra studies. Such studies are continually highlighting the revelation that tephras can be traced over much larger areas than previously demonstrated, elevating tephrochronology from a local‐ or regional‐scale to a hemispheric‐scale tool (Jensen et al ., 2014; Davies, 2015; Ponomareva et al, 2015). Thirdly, the ever increasing number of research studies using tephrochronology, the variety of differing applications, and the new studies in this special issue allow us to cross new frontiers in knowledge and understanding.…”
Section: Introduction: Tephrochronology As a Global Geoscientific Resmentioning
confidence: 99%