Tephra fallout of 2001 Etna flank eruption: Analysis of the deposit and plume dispersion

Scollo, Simona; Carlo, Paola Del; Coltelli, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.09.007

Cited by 118 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

115

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Violent strombolian activity can last several days (e.g. 2001 and 2002-2003) and its characterization is often difficult due to the high variability of eruptive phenomena and meteorological conditions that influence and scatter the fallout sedimentation (Andronico et al, 2008;Scollo et al, 2007). However, constant monitoring of the explosive activity at Etna has been performed during the last two decades (Alparone et al, 2007;Andronico et al, 2009).…”

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An exceptional amount of data was collected thanks to many field surveys that were carried out at the end of explosive activities (e.g. the 2001 Etna eruption, Scollo et al, 2007;Etna eruption, Andronico et al, 1999the 1990 Etna eruption, unpublished data;122 BC, Coltelli et al, 1998).…”

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are usually applied to relatively short-lived activity, such as subplinian and Plinian eruptions (Suzuki, 1983;Armienti et al, 1988;Hurst and Turner, 1999;Connor et al, 2001). Nevertheless, violent strombolian eruptions, such as the 2001 and 2002-2003 Etna eruptions, can last several days (Scollo et al, 2007;Andronico et al, 2008) and are significantly affected by wind variations (Bursik et al, 1992;Sparks et al, 1997). TEPHRA was hence modified to account for the variation in wind direction and speed with time in order to compile a comprehensive hazard assessment of WLL eruptions.…”

Section: Model Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)

Scollo

Coltelli

Bonadonna

et al. 2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In this paper we present a probabilistic hazard assessment for tephra fallout at Mt. Etna (Italy) associated with both short-and long-lived eruptions. Eruptive scenarios and eruption source parameters were defined based on the geological record, while an advection-diffusion-sedimentation model was used to capture the variation in wind speed and direction with time after calibration with the field data. Two different types of eruptions were considered in our analysis: eruptions associated with strong short-lived plumes and eruptions associated with weak long-lived plumes. Our probabilistic approach was based on one eruption scenario for both types and on an eruption range scenario for eruptions producing weak long-lived plumes. Due to the prevailing wind direction, the eastern flanks are the most affected by tephra deposition, with the 122 BC Plinian and 2002-2003 eruptions showing the highest impact both on infrastructures and agriculture.

show abstract

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)

Scollo

Coltelli

Bonadonna

et al. 2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…where H is the maximum plume height (km above the vent) and k is an empirical constant typically set to 0.236 for silicic magmas and between 0.244 and 0.295 for andesitic/basaltic magmas (Andronico et al, 2008;Scollo et al, 2007;Wehrmann et al, 2006). Mastin et al (2009) compiled published data for about 30 well-constrained eruptions in order to empirically identify a best-fit relationship between the plume height and the volumetric flow rate (m 3 DRE s −1 ).…”

Section: Mass Eruption Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

TError: towards a better quantification of the uncertainty propagated during the characterization of tephra deposits

Biass¹,

Bagheri²,

Aeberhard³

et al. 2013

SIV

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present TError, a Matlab package designed to quantify systematically the uncertainty associated with the characterization of tephra deposits, in which the most commonly used methods to quantify eruption source parameters are implemented. Inputs of the code are a range of field-based, model-based and empirical parameters (i.e., clast diameter, crosswind and downwind ranges, thickness measurement, area of isopach contours, bulk deposit density, empirical constants and wind speed), for which the user defines an uncertainty and an associated distribution. The TError package contains two main functions. The first function deterministically varies one input parameter at a time and quantifies the sensitivity of each Eruption Source Parameter (ESP; i.e., plume height, erupted volume, mass eruption rate) to the variability of input parameters. The second function propagates input parameters as stochastic distributions of noise through all ESPs. The resulting distributions can then be used to express the uncertainty of physical parameters of explosive eruptions in a systematic way. For both functions, comprehensive reports and sets of figures assist the user in the interpretation of the results. As an example, the TError package was applied to Layer 5 of Cotopaxi volcano. Using the median, the 2 nd percentile and the 98 th percentile as central value, lower bound and upper bound respectively, a new quantification of the ESP suggests a plume height of 30 ± 1 km a.s.l, a mass eruption rate of 1.8 citation:Biass, S., G. Bagheri, W. H. Aeberhard, C. Bonadonna (2014) TError: towards a better quantification of the uncertainty propagated during the characterization of tephra deposits, Statistics in Volcanology 1.2 : 1 − 27.

show abstract

“…1) has proved to be a great producer of ash in recent decades. Since 1989, Etna has undergone recurrent explosive activity consisting of more than 200 paroxysmal episodes, and two main long-lasting explosive eruptions in 2001 (Taddeucci et al, 2002;Scollo et al, 2007(Andronico et al, 2009a and reference therein) that produced prolonged ash emissions. Paroxysmal events are characterized by explosive activity ranging in style from Strombolian to lava fountains, often as sequences of episodes within periods of weeks to months at the summit craters (Branca and Del Carlo, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM<sub>10</sub> measurements in urban settlements after lava fountain episodes at Mt. Etna, Italy: pilot test to assess volcanic ash hazard to human health

Andronico

Carlo

2016

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.We have carried out a preliminary study on the potential risks caused by the sub-10 µm fraction of volcanic ash (particulate matter, PM 10 ) after the basaltic explosive eruptions from Mt. Etna volcano (Italy), which have dramatically increased in frequency over the last 20 years. We present results deriving from the study of the ash concentration in the air following the lava fountain episode from the New Southeast Crater of Etna on 15 November 2011, which caused tephra fallout over the eastern slope of the volcano. Shortduration tests of PM 10 measurements were carried out at three different sites using a TSI ® DustTrak ™ aerosol monitor a few hours after the end of the eruption, and readouts of the air quality were repeated at the same sites a month later without volcanic activity. Furthermore, ash samples were characterized by grain size, componentry and morphological and petrochemical analyses.By comparing PM 10 levels measured a few hours after the 15 November lava fountain and on 15 December, we found that relatively low amounts (500-1500 g m −2 ) of tephra fallout cause high levels of PM 10 in the air. This is because the coarse particles, particularly basaltic ash, are readily broken up by traffic and hence remobilized into the air. We believe the impact from ash fallout in the Etnean territory should receive greater attention, especially regarding potential health problems. Simple but effective actions can be implemented to reduce eventual risks, first and foremost the prompt removal of the ash deposits from the urbanized areas.

show abstract

Tephra fallout of 2001 Etna flank eruption: Analysis of the deposit and plume dispersion

Cited by 118 publications

References 50 publications

Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)

Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)

TError: towards a better quantification of the uncertainty propagated during the characterization of tephra deposits

PM<sub>10</sub> measurements in urban settlements after lava fountain episodes at Mt. Etna, Italy: pilot test to assess volcanic ash hazard to human health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Tephra fallout of 2001 Etna flank eruption: Analysis of the deposit and plume dispersion

Cited by 118 publications

References 50 publications

Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)

Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)

TError: towards a better quantification of the uncertainty propagated during the characterization of tephra deposits

PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; measurements in urban settlements after lava fountain episodes at Mt. Etna, Italy: pilot test to assess volcanic ash hazard to human health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

PM<sub>10</sub> measurements in urban settlements after lava fountain episodes at Mt. Etna, Italy: pilot test to assess volcanic ash hazard to human health