Tensile properties of the human iliotibial tract depend on height and weight

Zwirner, Johann; Babian, Carsten; Ondruschka, Benjamin; Schleifenbaum, Stefan; Scholze, Mario; Waddell, Neil; Hammer, Niels

doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.05.001

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A similar failure behaviour can be found, for example, in the staggered rupture of a steel cable or braided rope, where the individual elements of the overall structure also fail in succession. In previously published studies on uniaxial tensile testing of ligaments and tendons, an hourglass shape is often chosen for the test areas, analogous to tensile test specimens made of metallic materials 11,20 . However, we deliberately chose a rectangular shape in order to reduce the number of interrupted collagen fibrils as much as possible, as these could in principle serve as initial defects for the material failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially in case of ligaments and aponeuroses, the influence of freezing and thawing processes on the mechanical properties of human tissue has not yet been fully investigated, despite current research in this field [1][2][3][4][5] . There is a large number of different research results in the field of biomechanical characterization of ligaments and tendons, particularly with regard to the influence of donor age and the influence of freezing effects on the mechanical properties [6][7][8][9][10][11] . The formation of ice crystals of varying size in intra-and extracellular water during the freezing process is known to cause tissue damage and is associated with penetration of cell membranes and extracellular structures.…”

Section: The Influence Of Different Sample Preparation On Mechanical mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of different sample preparation on mechanical properties of human iliotibial tract

Fischer

Kurz

Höch

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In the run-up to biomechanical testing, fresh human tissue samples are often frozen in order to inhibit initial decomposition processes and to achieve a temporal independence of tissue acquisition from biomechanical testing. The aim of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of fresh tissue samples of the human iliotibial tract (IT) to fresh-frozen samples taken from the same IT and those modified with different concentrations of Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) prior to freezing. All samples were partial plastinated and destructive tensile tests were conducted with a uniaxial tensile test setup. A plastination technique already established in the laboratory was modified to improve the clamping behaviour of the samples. Material failure was caused by a gradual rupture of the load-bearing collagen fibre bundles. Contrary to our expectations, no significant difference was found between the tensile strength of fresh and fresh frozen specimens. The addition of 1 wt% DMSO did not increase the tensile strength compared to fresh-frozen samples; an addition of 10 wt% DMSO even resulted in a decrease. Based on our findings, the use of simple fresh-frozen specimens to determine the tensile strength is viable; however fresh specimens should be used to generate a complete property profile.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Influence Of Different Sample Preparation On Mechanical mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of different sample preparation on mechanical properties of human iliotibial tract

Fischer

Kurz

Höch

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Load-deformation properties of human soft tissues are typically accompanied by large variations [ 7 , 11 , 13 , 21 , 22 ] with standard deviations or interquartile ranges of the E mod and UTS frequently being larger than half of the mean value depending on the normal distribution of the experimental data [ 6 , 11 , 18 , 20 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The here tested human cranial dura mater is a thin membranous layer that is softly attached to the inside of the skull bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical parameters obtained from human tissues are fundamental to accurately simulate the load deformation behavior of these tissues in computer simulations [ 1 , 2 ] and physical replicas [ 3 , 4 ]. Further to this, direct comparison of characteristic mechanical properties allows to compare for age [ 5 ], sex [ 6 ] or site-dependent differences [ 7 ] of biological tissues when loaded. The elastic modulus (E mod ) is a mechanical parameter describing the ratio of stress and strain under small deformation assuming a linear elastic behavior of the respective tissue [ 8 ], and consequently the rigidity of a tissue when elastically deformed; it is one of the key parameters to mechanically simulate human tissues in computer models [ 1 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strain at maximum force (SF max ) describes the elongation of a tissue at the point of the maximum applicable load in relation to the tissues initial unloaded length; this seems useful to understand the contribution of individual components such as cells to the overall mechanical behavior of the respective tissue [ 11 , 12 ]. Generally, baseline datasets to obtain the aforementioned mechanical parameters in tensile tests reveal widespread variation throughout the body [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 13 ]—an accepted “expectable” condition for human tissues. However, several factors such as the clamping quality [ 14 , 15 ], strain rate [ 16 ] and the mechanical and bio-physico-chemical tissue structure [ 5 , 17 , 18 ] impact the mechanical parameters to a varying extent ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Is Considered a Variation of Biomechanical Parameters in Tensile Tests of Collagen-Rich Human Soft Tissues?—Critical Considerations Using the Human Cranial Dura Mater as a Representative Morpho-Mechanic Model

et al. 2020

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Background and Objectives: Profound knowledge on the load-dependent behavior of human soft tissues is required for the development of suitable replacements as well as for realistic computer simulations. Regarding the former, e.g., the anisotropy of a particular biological tissue has to be represented with site- and direction-dependent particular mechanical values. Contrary to this concept of consistent mechanical properties of a defined soft tissue, mechanical parameters of soft tissues scatter considerably when being determined in tensile tests. In spite of numerous measures taken to standardize the mechanical testing of soft tissues, several setup- and tissue-related factors remain to influence the mechanical parameters of human soft tissues to a yet unknown extent. It is to date unclear if measurement extremes should be considered a variation or whether these data have to be deemed incorrect measurement outliers. This given study aimed to determine mechanical parameters of the human cranial dura mater as a model for human soft tissues using a highly standardized protocol and based on this, critically evaluate the definition for the term mechanical “variation” of human soft tissue. Materials and Methods: A total of 124 human dura mater samples with an age range of 3 weeks to 94 years were uniformly retrieved, osmotically adapted and mechanically tested using customized 3D-printed equipment in a quasi-static tensile testing setup. Scanning electron microscopy of 14 samples was conducted to relate the mechanical parameters to morphological features of the dura mater. Results: The here obtained mechanical parameters were scattered (elastic modulus = 46.06 MPa, interquartile range = 33.78 MPa; ultimate tensile strength = 5.56 MPa, interquartile range = 4.09 MPa; strain at maximum force = 16.58%, interquartile range = 4.81%). Scanning electron microscopy revealed a multi-layered nature of the dura mater with varying fiber directions between its outer and inner surface. Conclusions: It is concluded that mechanical parameters of soft tissues such as human dura mater are highly variable even if a highly standardized testing setup is involved. The tissue structure and composition appeared to be the main contributor to the scatter of the mechanical parameters. In consequence, mechanical variation of soft tissues can be defined as the extremes of a biomechanical parameter due to an uncontrollable change in tissue structure and/or the respective testing setup.

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Properties of the iliotibial band and their relationships with gait parameters among patients with knee osteoarthritis

Yagi

Taniguchi

Tateuchi

et al. 2022

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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This study aimed to determine the thickness and stiffness of the iliotibial band (ITB) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to identify the gait parameters that are associated with ITB properties. Eighteen female patients with radiographically diagnosed medial KOA and knee pain (age: 69.7 ± 5.9 years, body mass index: 23.0 ± 3.1 kg/m2) and 22 age‐matched female individuals without knee pain (age: 69.1 ± 7.0 years, body mass index: 21.6 ± 3.6 kg/m2) were included. Shear wave elastography images were obtained at the height of the proximal pole of the patella with the participants in the supine position, and the ITB thickness and shear wave velocity, which is a surrogate measure of stiffness, were calculated. In patients with KOA, the knee and hip joint angles and moments during walking were calculated using a motion analysis system. The shear wave velocity was significantly higher in patients with KOA than in asymptomatic adults (11.3 ± 1.0 vs. 10.0 ± 1.8 m/s, respectively; p = 0.010); however, the thickness did not differ between them (2.1 ± 0.3 vs. 2.0 ± 0.3 mm, respectively; p = 0.705). The time‐integral value of the knee adduction moment (β = 0.507, p = 0.032) and maximum value of the hip flexion moment (β = 0.498, p = 0.036) were associated with the shear wave velocity. Meanwhile, no parameters were associated with the thickness. The ITB was stiffer in patients with KOA than in asymptomatic adults; such a stiffer ITB was associated with greater knee adduction and hip flexion moments during walking. Clinical Significance: Greater mechanical loading was associated with a stiffer ITB in patients with KOA.

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Tensile properties of the human iliotibial tract depend on height and weight

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

The influence of different sample preparation on mechanical properties of human iliotibial tract

The influence of different sample preparation on mechanical properties of human iliotibial tract

What Is Considered a Variation of Biomechanical Parameters in Tensile Tests of Collagen-Rich Human Soft Tissues?—Critical Considerations Using the Human Cranial Dura Mater as a Representative Morpho-Mechanic Model

Properties of the iliotibial band and their relationships with gait parameters among patients with knee osteoarthritis

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