Tensile, physical and morphological properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch/sugarcane bagasse fibre reinforced phenolic hybrid composites

Ramlee, Nor Azlina; Jawaid, Mohammad; Zainudin, Edi Syams; Yamani, Shaikh Abdul Karim

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.06.016

Cited by 111 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although several biomaterials are of great interest derived from oil palm biomass, e.g. advanced particleboard (Komariah et al, 2019), biocomposite (Ramle et al, 2019), biosorbent (Lau et al, 2019) and engineered carbon material or activated biochar (Kong et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019), the other emerging field lies in structural modification of isolated lignin having an improved antioxidant et al, Abd Latif et al, 2019). In years to come, a biorefinery ( Figure 3) could potentially be established integrating all potential existing bioconversion routes for multiple production not only to improve the economics but also the sustainability of the industry (Ahmad et al, 2019a, b).…”

Section: Biomass and Bioenergy Innovationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2019

Parveez¹

2020

JOPR

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continue to dominate the palm oil research scene and rightfully so especially when the industry is faced with practice and soil health cannot be relegated as a means towards narrowing yield gaps aside from improving of key technologies at every level of the process value chain with zero waste as the ultimate goal. Apart from driving sustainability, the industry has also doubled its efforts in ensuring that palm oil is safe. It is evident that the natural properties of the palm oil make it a healthier and versatile choice for food and its derivatives, respectively. However, its processing methods though need further scrutiny and transformation to allay concerns of its safety. Moving towards a greener and cleaner future, environment-centric policies have helped accelerate the adoption of bio-based materials fuelling palm oil's divergence further into the becoming effective from 1 January 2020, it is anticipated that demand for certified sustainable palm oil lies beyond forests. In general, 2019 was indeed a challenging year for the palm oil industry as a whole, however, this could be deemed a blessing in disguise as the industry has not only risen to the occasion but has proven to be a force to be reckoned with.

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Section: Biomass and Bioenergy Innovationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2019

Parveez¹

2020

JOPR

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“…In the study, it was found that the average values of the Young's modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break were 1703 MPa, 71 MPa, and 11%, respectively. In a similar study, Ramlee et al (2019) studied physical, tensile and morphological properties of EFB and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) fibre for the fabrication of hybrid composites. The authors concluded that the hybridization of EFB/SCB fibre composites offered better performance and properties as compared to pure fibre composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Tensile Properties for Twisted Fibre Bundles of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch at Different Diameters

Nasri

Nawi

Baharuddin

et al. 2021

Basrah J. Agric. Sci.

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The potential use of natural fibre extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches has gained wide attention among researchers. This natural fibre comes from fibrous strands which form fibre bundle after shredding process at a mill. The measurement of tensile properties is important to understand the mechanical performance of this fibre bundle. This study was undertaken to determine the tensile properties of the fibre bundle from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). Fibrous strands of the OPEFB extracted from shredded empty fruit bunches were twisted to form fibre bundle specimens at different diameters varying from 1 to 5 mm. The tensile properties measured in this study including tensile strength, tensile load and tensile modulus. The measurements were performed using Instron Universal Test Machine (IUTM) model 5000. From the results, it was found that the specimens at 1 and 5 mm in diameter required 71.25 and 429.68 N of the tensile load to break, respectively. The specimen with 1 mm in diameter recorded the highest tensile strength of 90.72 MPa while the specimen with 5 mm in diameter recorded only 21.88 MPa. The highest tensile modulus with value of 662.50 MPa was obtained from the specimen with 1 mm in diameter while the specimen with 5 mm in diameter had the tensile modulus value of 157.47 MPa. It was also found that the tensile strength and tensile modulus decreased when the diameter of the specimens increased. The findings reported in this study can serve as an engineering basis for the design specification in the development of the future in-silo composting machine.

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“…Nevertheless, the limitations of reinforcing the natural fibers into polymer matrices could be improved by a pre-processing step, such as modifications of the polymer matrices and surfaces of natural fiber via physical or chemical technologies [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. The use of thermoplastic polymers such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene [ 22 , 23 ] to bind the reinforcing fibers has less difficult processing technique and better design flexibility than thermosetting polymers such as epoxy and phenolic [ 15 , 24 ]. The development of OPF-reinforced PP composite has high potential to be used for light-weight automotive industry components, due to its improvement in tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Modified Oil Palm Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composite via Multi-Objective Optimization of In Situ Silica Sol-Gel Synthesis

et al. 2021

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A multi-objective optimization of in situ sol-gel process was conducted in preparing oil palm fiber-reinforced polypropylene (OPF-PP) composite for an enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and butylamine were used as precursors and catalysts for the sol-gel process. The face-centered central composite design (FCCD) experiments coupled with response surface methodology (RSM) has been utilized to optimize in situ silica sol-gel process. The optimization process showed that the drying time after the in-situ silica sol-gel process was the most influential factor on silica content, while the molar ratio of TEOS to water gave the most significant effect on silica residue. The maximum silica content of 34.1% and the silica residue of 35.9% were achieved under optimum conditions of 21.3 h soaking time, 50 min drying time, pH value of 9.26, and 1:4 molar ratio of TEOS to water. The untreated oil palm fiber (OPF) and silica sol-gel modified OPF (SiO2-OPF) were used as the reinforcing fibers, with PP as a matrix and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAgPP) as a compatibilizer for the fiber-reinforced PP matrix (SiO2-OPF-PP-MAgPP) composites preparation. The mechanical and thermal properties of OPF-PP, SiO2-OPF-PP, SiO2-OPF-PP-MAgPP composites, and pure PP were determined. It was found that the OPF-S-PP-MAgPP composite had the highest toughness and stiffness with values of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break of 30.9 MPa, 881.8 MPa, and 15.1%, respectively. The thermal properties analyses revealed that the OPF-S-PP-MAgPP exhibited the highest thermally stable inflection point at 477 °C as compared to pure PP and other composites formulations. The finding of the present study showed that the SiO2-OPF had the potential to use as a reinforcing agent to enhance the thermal-mechanical properties of the composites.

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Tensile, physical and morphological properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch/sugarcane bagasse fibre reinforced phenolic hybrid composites

Cited by 111 publications

References 33 publications

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2019

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2019

Determination of Tensile Properties for Twisted Fibre Bundles of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch at Different Diameters

Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Modified Oil Palm Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composite via Multi-Objective Optimization of In Situ Silica Sol-Gel Synthesis

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