Tensile and Shear Test Methods for Quantifying the Ice Adhesion Strength to a Surface

Laroche, Alexandre; Grasso, Maria Jose; Dolatabadi, Ali; Bonaccurso, Elmar

doi:10.1002/9781119640523.ch9

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Indeed, this approximation has been used in the literature analyzing ice adhesion on solid substrates. 63 Consequently, from eq 6 we get cos(λ) ≈ −0.937 and thus a λ ≈ 159.5°independent of the substrate, which is fully consistent with the results in Figure 6. Such a large wetting angle also indicates that substrates weakly interacting with ice and water are not very effective in enhancing HIN.…”

Section: Characterization Of Slg Upon Water Droplet Freezing−melting−...supporting

confidence: 88%

“…The absolute values of the interaction potentials are found to be equal to the thermodynamic work of adhesion to the substrates used in previous literature. 63 Therefore, combining eqs 2 and 3 into Young's equation produces (4) Because the wetting angle of water on ice is known to be θ = 12°, 64 we obtain by applying the Young-Dupre equation to water droplets on ice (5) Substituting eq 5 into eq 4 and dividing both sides by γ W / I (∼25 mJ/m 2 at −15 °C65 ), we get (6) For secondary bonds such as van der Waals or hydrogen bonds, the interactions between the substrate surface and the H 2 O molecules are almost identical for ice and water. 66,67 Furthermore, the areal density of H 2 O molecules interacting with the substrate is also very similar between ice and water, with the former being ∼95% of the latter.…”

Section: Characterization Of Slg Upon Water Droplet Freezing−melting−...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Studied with Single-Layer Graphene

et al. 2022

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Control of heterogeneous ice nucleation (HIN) is critical for applications that range from iceophobic surfaces to ice-templated materials. HIN on 2D materials is a particular interesting topic that still lacks extensive experimental investigations. Here, we focus on the HIN on single-layer graphene (SLG) transferred onto different substrates, including silicon, silica, and thermal oxide on silicon. Complemented by other samples without SLG, we obtain a large range of wetting contact angles (WCAs) from 2° to 95°. All pristine SLG samples exhibit a large contact angle of ∼95°, which is close to the theoretical value of 96° for free-standing SLG, irrespective of the substrate and even in the presence of nanoscale wrinkles on SLG, which are due to the transfer process, indicating that the topographical features have little impact on the wetting behavior. Interestingly, SLG displays changes in hydrophobicity upon repeated water droplet freezing–melting–drying cycles due to a shift in Fermi level and/or enhanced water–substrate polar molecular interactions, likely induced by residual adsorption of H2O molecules. We found that a 0.04 eV decrease in SLG Fermi level reduces the SLG/water interface energy by ∼6 mJ/m2, thereby making SLG less hydrophobic. Counterintuitively, the reduction in SLG/water interface energy and the enhanced hydrophilicity after repeated freezing–melting–evaporation cycles actually decreases the freezing temperature by ∼3–4 °C, thereby slightly retarding rather than enhancing HIN. We also found that the water droplet freezing temperature differed by only ∼1 °C on different substrates with WCAs from 2° to 95°, an intriguing and yet reasonable result that confirms that wettability alone is not a good indicator of HIN capability. The HIN rate is rather determined by the difference between substrate/water and substrate/ice interface energies, which was found to stay almost constant for substrates weakly interacting with water/ice via van der Waals or hydrogen bonds, irrespective of hydrophilicity.

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Section: Characterization Of Slg Upon Water Droplet Freezing−melting−...supporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Characterization Of Slg Upon Water Droplet Freezing−melting−...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Studied with Single-Layer Graphene

et al. 2022

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“…Unlike the centrifugal and push methods which are based on the shear strength (Mode II fracture), the tensile de-icing method measured the normal adhesion strength (Mode I fracture). However, due to the application of transverse motion on one side of the bulk ice, the shear-based de-icing methods often produce a combination of Mode I and Mode II fracture [15,19], as shown in Fig. 5c and explained in detail in ''Fracture mechanism at ice/solid interfaces'' Section.…”

Section: Normal Tensile Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the selection of a shear method would be practical for de-icing evaluation as the shear forces are useful for mimicking forces present in applications requiring de-icing. For example, if the ice is removed by aerodynamic force alone, then the largest stress component for such a loading would be in shear [19]. In terms of shear methods, HPM method is simple and cost-effective.…”

Section: Fracture Mechanism At Ice/solid Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, they indicated that most of the studies did not indicate the influence of stress concentrations during de-icing tests, which may have caused significant variations in the results. Laroche et al [19] found that the major factors that affect the adhesion of ice are the purity of ice, surface feature (wettability), surface texture (roughness), and testing temperature. Overall, there is a need to initially quantify the de-icing evaluation methods, while keeping the testing parameters, such as temperature, surface roughness, wettability, and interfacial contact area, unchanged.…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study on the influence of surface characteristics on de-icing evaluation

et al. 2021

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A comparative study of de-icing evaluation methods was conducted in this work, and their variations in response to surface characteristics were investigated. The mechanical de-icing measurements include centrifugal, push, and tensile methods. The centrifugal and the horizontal push (shear) methods suggested a linear relationship of ice adhesion strength with surface roughness, whereas the tensile (normal) method indicated an inverse curvilinear relationship with contact angle hysteresis. A partial correlation of contact angle hysteresis on the shear-based methods was also indicated over a specified range of surface roughness. Further attempts were also made on 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane-coated surfaces, and the ice adhesion indicated a clear reduction in the normal de-icing method, whereas the shear-based methods did not show a considerable change in ice adhesion, highlighting their mechanical forces-centric response. Lastly, a further evaluation using a hybrid de-icing method was conducted, to verify the influence of surface characteristics on ice removal involving heating, which demonstrated a partial correlation of energy consumption with the ice adhesion strength over a specified range of surface roughness. The results obtained in this study provide crucial information on the influence of surface characteristics on ice adhesion and offer material-dependent correlations of the popular de-icing evaluation methods. The conclusions could be applied to define an appropriate testing method for the evaluation of icephobic surfaces and coatings. Graphical abstract

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Icephobic materials and strategies: From bio‐inspirations to smart systems

Li,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Droplet

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Unwanted ice formations may cause severe functional degradations of facilities and also have a negative impact on their lifespans. Avoiding and removing ice accumulation is always a hot topic in the industrial and technological field. Bionic functional surfaces have been greatly studied for several decades and have proved to be excellent candidates for passive anti‐/deicing applications. However, the drawbacks limit their potential industrial uses under harsh conditions, like low temperatures and high humidity. Most researches on bionic surfaces are focused on a certain function of natural creatures and their underlined fundamental theories are revealed by taking the interface as the static. Actually, living organisms, either plants or animals, are often sensitive and responsive to their surroundings, avoiding risks and even self‐repairing upon damage. From this prospect, a novel view of the bionic icephobic materials has been proposed in the present review, which is expected to be studied and designed by taking the biological species as a system. As two representative icephobic materials, the anti‐/deicing theories of superhydrophobic and slippery surfaces are first discussed. Further, the recent progress of smart icephobic strategies is summarized from interfaces to substrates. We aim to provide new bionic insights on designing future icephobic strategies.

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Tensile and Shear Test Methods for Quantifying the Ice Adhesion Strength to a Surface

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Studied with Single-Layer Graphene

Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Studied with Single-Layer Graphene

Comparative study on the influence of surface characteristics on de-icing evaluation

Icephobic materials and strategies: From bio‐inspirations to smart systems

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