Ten year mortality and causes of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Mutru, O.; Laakso, Markku; Isomäki, H; Koota, K

doi:10.1136/bmj.290.6484.1797

Cited by 230 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased mortality from various causes [1][2][3]. The most common causes of death are amyloidosis, renal diseases and infections [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echo‐Doppler left ventricular filling abnormalities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without clinically evident cardiovascular disease

Corrao

Sallì

Arnone

et al. 1996

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Abstract. Our investigation aimed at verifying diastolic abnormalities in rheumatoid patients, without clinically evident cardiovascular disease and other confounding complaints, by using pulsed Doppler examination of transmitral blood flow. We selected 40 patients fulfilling revised American Rheumatism Association (ARA) criteria for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis having no symptoms of cardiac disease or clinical findings of other extracardiac diseases. We also studied 40 rheumatoidmatched healthy volunteers as a control group. An echocardiographic examination was carried out on each subject. Left ventricular structural and functional measurements were obtained. Interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular mass index were significantly higher in rheumatoid patients than in the control group. We also found in rheumatoid patients higher mean values of peak A velocity and A/E ratio. When multiple linear regression analysis was performed on the data of rheumatoid patients we found an independent relationship only between A/E ratio and left ventricular mass. In conclusion, our results confirm diastolic abnormalities in rheumatoid patients and point out that these abnormalities also affect echo-Doppler parameters of left ventricular filling. Moreover, further analysis of our data may suggest the possibility that structural left ventricle changes could be responsible for left ventricular filling impairment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echo‐Doppler left ventricular filling abnormalities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without clinically evident cardiovascular disease

Corrao

Sallì

Arnone

et al. 1996

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…[3][4][5][6][17][18][19] Previous studies have reported a predisposition toward the development of atherosclerosis in BD, [8][9][10] and in these disease states, hardening of the arteries generally occurs at a younger age. [3][4][5][6] Many changes occur in the arterial wall before the clinical findings of atherosclerotic diseases become evident. In the early subclinical stages, intima media thickness (IMT) and ECD are important markers of atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6] Atherosclerosis is widely accepted as a low-grade chronic inflammatory disorder, [3,7] and previous studies have reported a predisposition to its development in BD. [8][9][10] By the time clinical findings of atherosclerosis appear, the disease is at an advanced stage, and treatment is palliative.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Assessment of Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Behçet’s Disease

et al. 2012

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Amaç: Bu çalışmada Behçet hastasında erken ateroskleroz gelişimi, Doppler ultrasonografisi (US) eşliğinde girişimsel olmayan akım aracılı dilatasyon (FMD) yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. Hastalar ve yöntemler:Otuz Behçet hastası ve 25 sağlıklı gönüllü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Brakiyal arterde bazal ve reaktif hiperemi sonrası arter çapları, akım hızları, rezistivite indeksleri ve akım miktarlarını göstermek amacıyla Doppler US kullanıldı. Akım aracılı dilatasyon, bazal ve reaktif hiperemi sonrası ölçülen brakiyal arter çapları farkının yüzdesi olarak tanımlandı. Bulgular:Behçet hastalığı grubunda ortalama FMD değeri (%10.8±12.7) kontrol grubundan (%26±18.6), anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu. Diğer parametreler açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel anlamlı farklılık bulunamadı.Sonuç: Behçet hastalarında erken ateroskleroz gelişimini göstermek amacıyla Doppler US eşliğinde FMD değerlendirilmesi basit ve girişimsel olmayan etkili bir yöntemdir.Anahtar sözcükler: Behçet hastalığı; Doppler ultrasonografisi; akım aracılı dilatasyon. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the early development of atherosclerosis in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) using flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) method under Doppler ultrasonography (US). Patients and methods:Thirty patients with BD and 25 healthy volunteers were included. Doppler US was used to measure the basal and post-reactive hyperemic diameters, peak systolic velocities, resistivity indices, and blood flow volumes of the brachial arteries. Flowmediated dilatation was defined as the percentage of difference between the post-reactive hyperemic and basal diameters. Results:The mean FMD value of the BD group (10.8±12.7%) was significantly lower compared to the control group (26±18.6%). No statistically significant difference in other parameters was found between the groups. Conclusion:Flow-mediated dilatation under Doppler US is simple and effective non-invasive method for predicting the early development of atherosclerosis in patients with BD.

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“…Infection were responsible for discontinuation of the treatment in 9% of the patients. In RA, there is an increased risk for infections [34,35]. Traditional DMARDs have been reported to further elevate the risk [36][37][38], but there are also contradictory findings [39].…”

Section: Other Adverse Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%