Temporary and Continuing Delinquency

Knight, Barry J.; West, D. J.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a046609

Cited by 68 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Stable employment and commitment to work have similar consequences (Glaser, 1969; Kandel & Raveis, 1989; Trasler, 1979; Uggen, 1999; Uggen & Kruttschnitt, 1998). These major transitions have both direct effects on producing desistance and indirect effects via the changes they produce in social networks (Knight & West, 1975; Warr, 1998). …”

Section: Interactional Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Risky Youth Less Protectable as They Age? The Dynamics of Protection during Adolescence and Young Adulthood

Bushway¹,

Krohn²,

Lizotte³

et al. 2013

Justice Quarterly

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Research on recidivism in criminal justice and desistance in criminology are not integrated. Yet, both fields seem to be moving towards models that look at how positive elements in a person's environment can impact a person's behavior, conditional on different levels of risk. This study builds on this observation by applying interactional theory and the concept of Risk-Needs-Responsivity to theorize that both Needs and Responsivity will change over time in predictable ways. We then use a novel empirical approach with the Rochester Youth Development Study to show that even in late adolescence, individuals who are at risk for violence can be protected from future violence and risky behavior like gun carrying with positive events in their environment and personal life. In young adulthood, fewer people are still at risk for violence, and those who are at risk are harder to protect from future violence and gun carrying.

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Section: Interactional Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Risky Youth Less Protectable as They Age? The Dynamics of Protection during Adolescence and Young Adulthood

Bushway¹,

Krohn²,

Lizotte³

et al. 2013

Justice Quarterly

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show abstract

“…Contrarily, the sudden disruption of group affiliations owing to changes in marital or employment status can abruptly terminate criminal careers (Knight and West, 1975;Reiss, 1986). Are delinquent groups short-lived, ephemeral social units, or do they exhibit some degree of stability over time?…”

Section: Do Groups Matter?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization and Instigation in Delinquent Groups*

1996

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The group character of delinquency has been recognized for more than 60 years, but the nature of delinquent groups remains poorly understood. Data from the National Survey of Youth are used to examine delinquent groups, with special attention to the identity and role of instigators in those groups. Delinquent groups are small and transitory, but offenders commonly belong to multiple groups and thus have a larger network or pool of accomplices. Groups appear to be more specialized than individuals, which suggests that offense specialization is the primary source of group differentiation. Most delinquent groups have an identifiable instigator, a person who tends to be older, more experienced, and emotionally close to other members. Males almost always follow other males, whereas females are much more likely to follow a member of the opposite sex. As a rule, offenders do not consistently assume the role of instigator or joiner over time, but instead switch from one role to the other depending on their relative position in the group in which they are participating at the time. The roles that offenders adopt are thus determined, not by some stable individual trait, but by the situational interaction of group and individual characteristics.

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“…A series of explicit attempts to predict the termination of conviction careers was carried out in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (Knight and West, 1975;Osborn andWest, 1978, 1980). The aim was to predict, out of those with two or more convictions before age 19, those who would be convicted again during the next five years.…”

Section: Onset Duration and Terminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Controlling Crime

Farrington

Ohlin

Wilson

1986

Research in Criminology

282

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Preface vii strategy in medical research; it is time for its importance to be appreciated and pursued with new vigor in criminological research.This book makes the case for such research and spells out many of the details by which it could best be pursued. Chapter 1 provides an overview of what we now know about crime and criminals and how we might know more so as to better shape criminal justice policy to our needs. In Chapters 2 and 3, we review in some detail what we have learned from longitudinal and experimental studies in criminology thus far. In Chapters 4 through 7, we explore selected key policy issues to illustrate current deficiencies in the knowledge needed to develop more costeffective action strategies. In these chapters we consider, respectively, families and schools as targets of prevention measures, theories about the effects of labeling, proposals for reorganizing the juvenile courts, and the effects of imprisonment. Finally, in Chapter 8, we discuss possible research designs and strategies we might now pursue to build firmer ground for our criminal justice policies.

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Temporary and Continuing Delinquency

Cited by 68 publications

References 1 publication

Are Risky Youth Less Protectable as They Age? The Dynamics of Protection during Adolescence and Young Adulthood

Are Risky Youth Less Protectable as They Age? The Dynamics of Protection during Adolescence and Young Adulthood

Organization and Instigation in Delinquent Groups*

Understanding and Controlling Crime

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