Temporal Sequence Effects: A Memory Framework

Montgomery, Nicole Votolato; Unnava, H. Rao

doi:10.1086/595278

Cited by 54 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with those observed in previous work, with Montgomery et al (2009) reporting that global evaluations immediately following an experience give "conditions under which recency effect is most likely to be obtained". Montgomery et al postulated that primacy effects are more enduring than recency effects, and they experimentally investigated the prediction by testing recollection of experiences immediately afterwards and after a delay.…”

Section: Transience and Endurance Of Recency Effectssupporting

confidence: 92%

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The effects of interaction sequencing on user experience and preference

Cockburn

Quinn

Gutwin

2017

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

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1 Highlights Presents results two studies into the influence of primacy and recency effects in interaction.  Shows that recency effects significantly influence preferences.  Primacy effects were not shown to influence preferences.  Discusses factors influencing recency effects in interaction. ABSTRACTInteractive computing tasks are composed of sequences of sub-interactions (or "moments"), each of which yields a slightly different user experience. Prior work, predominantly from the psychology literature, suggests that the order of these moments can affect people"s retrospective evaluation of experiences. Several kinds of sequencing effects have been examined, including primacy, recency, and peak-end effects. We review previous research on sequencing effects and their potential application in HumanComputer Interaction, of which prior work has found mixed results regarding the influence of interaction sequence on preference -possibly because the magnitude of experiential changes caused by interactive tasks are weaker than those studied in psychological experiments. However, sequencing effects are still of great importance to interface design, because when they occur, they have the potential to substantially change user preferences for common interactions. To explore the subtlety of sequencing effects in HCI, we describe two experiments that examined user preferences for series of interactions with different orderings that created positive and negative recency and primacy effects. Positive and negative experiences were created with simulated system assistance that either worked well (aiding the user in drag-and-drop tasks) or worked poorly (hindering the user). In both experiments, the series differed only in the order of positive and negative momentary experiences. Results of Experiment 1 were mixed: the study provided some support for recency effects, but without strong evidence. Experiment 2 modified the experimental method to better accentuate the positive and negative experiences, and produced results showing strong effects of recency, but not of primacy. We discuss reasons for these results, consider overall explanations for the subtle nature of sequencing effects on HCI tasks, and provide an agenda for further research and design lessons regarding recency effects. Overall, we contribute new understanding of a phenomenon that can have a substantial impact on user experience, but that is currently underexplored in HCI.

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Section: Transience and Endurance Of Recency Effectssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Regardless of the mechanisms underlying primacy and recency effects, they are robustly observable in various forms of memory tests (Montgomery and Unnava, 2009;Weiss et al, 2014).…”

Section: Primacy Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of interaction sequencing on user experience and preference

Cockburn

Quinn

Gutwin

2017

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

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“…Generally, this research has found that individuals prefer improving versus declining sequences that differ only in the order in which episodes occur (i.e., not in their average intensity) (Ariely 1998). The final episode is weighted more due to a recency effect; end intensity is highly accessible when the experience is evaluated soon after its conclusion (Greene 1986;Montgomery and Unnava 2009). Additionally, various situational factors, including the experience's cohesiveness (Ariely andZauberman 2000, 2003) and its stimulus domain (Baumgartner, Sujan, and Padgett 1997;Rode, Rozin, and Durlach 2007) have been shown to moderate these aspects' weighting.…”

Section: Theoretical Development Temporal Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…More specifically, research has shown that a large impact of the start of sequence on global evaluations is more prevalent with sequences of information than with hedonic experiences (Zauberman, Diehl, and Ariely 2006). Research on overall evaluations of hedonic experiences consumed alone has only shown an effect of start intensity under very limited conditions (e.g., delayed evaluations, when recency effects dissipate due to memory decay; Montgomery and Unnava 2009). In sum, work on hedonic experiences has mainly supported the influence of final episode intensity but not initial episode intensity on overall evaluations of solo experiences.…”

Section: Theoretical Development Temporal Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Context of Temporal Sequences: Why First Impressions Shape Shared Experiences

Bhargave¹,

Montgomery²

2013

J Consum Res

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“…The general aim of the present paper is to provide a stricter test of the predictions of a memory-based analysis of RE (e.g., Montgomery & Unnava, 2009;Weber & Johnson, 2009); more specifically, we investigate whether a memory-based analysis can predict RE even in situations where on-line judgment formation is not inhibited. Also, the role that memory may play in biasing RE is under further scrutiny in a number of ways.…”

Section: Retrospective Evaluations Of Sequences: Testing the Predictimentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Evaluations of Sequences

Aldrovandi

Poirier

Kusev

et al. 2015

Experimental Psychology

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Retrospective evaluation (RE) of event sequences are known to be biased in various ways. Permanent repository linkThe present paper presents a series of studies that examined the suggestion that the moments that are the most accessible in memory at the point of RE contribute to these biases. As predicted by this memory-based analysis, Experiment 1 showed that pleasantness ratings of word lists were biased by the presentation position of a negative item and by how easy the negative information was to retrieve. Experiment 2 ruled out the hypothesis that these findings were due to the dual nature of the task called upon. Experiment 3 further manipulated the memorability of the negative items-and corresponding changes in RE were as predicted. Finally, Experiment 4 extended the findings to more complex stimuli involving event narratives. Overall, the results suggest that assessments were adjusted based on the retrieval of the most readily available information.

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Temporal Sequence Effects: A Memory Framework

Cited by 54 publications

References 27 publications

The effects of interaction sequencing on user experience and preference

The effects of interaction sequencing on user experience and preference

The Social Context of Temporal Sequences: Why First Impressions Shape Shared Experiences

Retrospective Evaluations of Sequences

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