Temporal and spatial regulation of α6 integrin expression during the development of the cochlear‐vestibular ganglion

Davies, D. R.

doi:10.1002/cne.21302

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Association of NCC with the developing CV ganglion has been described previously by 2D section analysis (Breuskin et al, 2010; Davies, 2007), but the 3D rendering of multiple 2D image planes presented here allows the sleeve-like association of the R4 NCC stream to be appreciated much more clearly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Cochleovestibular nerve development is integrated with migratory neural crest cells

Sandell

Tjaden

Barlow

et al. 2014

Developmental Biology

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The cochleovestibular (CV) nerve, which connects the inner ear to the brain, is the nerve that enables the senses of hearing and balance. The aim of this study was to document the morphological development of the mouse CV nerve with respect to the two embryonic cells types that produce it, specifically, the otic vesicle-derived progenitors that give rise to neurons, and the neural crest cell (NCC) progenitors that give rise to glia. Otic tissues of mouse embryos carrying NCC lineage reporter transgenes were whole mount immunostained to identify neurons and NCC. Serial optical sections were collected by confocal microscopy and were compiled to render the three dimensional (3D) structure of the developing CV nerve. Spatial organization of the NCC and developing neurons suggest that neuronal and glial populations of the CV nerve develop in tandem from early stages of nerve formation. NCC form a sheath surrounding the CV ganglia and central axons. NCC are also closely associated with neurites projecting peripherally during formation of the vestibular and cochlear nerves. Physical ablation of NCC in chick embryos demonstrates that survival or regeneration of even a few individual NCC from ectopic positions in the hindbrain results in central projection of axons precisely following ectopic pathways made by regenerating NCC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Cochleovestibular nerve development is integrated with migratory neural crest cells

Sandell

Tjaden

Barlow

et al. 2014

Developmental Biology

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“…3B). Its expression was down-regulated when CVG cells exit the cell cycle (Davies, 2007) (arrow in Fig. 3B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative expression analysis of POU4F1, POU4F2 and ISL1 in developing mouse cochleovestibular ganglion neurons

Deng¹,

Yang²,

Xie³

et al. 2014

Gene Expression Patterns

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POU-homeodomain and LIM-homeodomain transcription factors are expressed in developing projection neurons within retina, inner ear, dorsal root ganglion, and trigeminal ganglion, and play synergistic roles in their differentiation and survival. Here, using immunohistochemistry, we present a comparative analysis of the spatiotemporal expression pattern of POU4F1, POU4F2, and ISL1 during the development of cochleovestibular ganglion (CVG) neurons in mouse inner ear. At early stages, when otic neurons are first detected in the otic epithelium (OE) and migrate into periotic mesenchyme to form the CVG, POU4F1 and ISL1 are co-expressed in a majority of the delaminated CVG neurons, which are marked by NEUROD1 expression, but POU4F1 is absent in the otic epithelium. The onset of POU4F2 expression starts after that of POU4F1 and ISL1, and is observed in the NEUROD1-negative, post-mitotic CVG neurons. When the CVG neurons innervate the vestibular and cochlear sensory organs, the expression of POU4F1, POU4F2, and ISL1 continues in both vestibular and spiral ganglion cells. Later in development, POU4F1 expression becomes down-regulated in a majority of spiral ganglion (SG) neurons and more neurons express POU4F2 expression while ISL1 expression is maintained. The differential as well as overlapping expression of POU4F1, POU4F2, and ISL1 combined with previous studies suggests possible functional interaction and regulatory relationship of these transcription factors in the development of inner ear neurons.

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“…The standard culture medium consisted of M199 medium with Earle's salts (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO) supplemented with 2 mM glutamine (Gibco, Paisley, UK) and antibiotics [50 IU/ml penicillin (Ern, Barcelona, Spain) and 50 mg/ml streptomycin (CEPA, Madrid, Spain)]. AVG were aseptically dissected out from stage HH19 chick embryos (76 h of incubation) [36], they were plated onto glass cover slips previously coated with poly-D-lysine and fibronectin as described in [37]. The AVG was cultured in 0.25 ml F12/Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (Gibco) containing 100 mg/ml transferrin, 16 mg/ml putrescine, 6 ng/ml progesterone, 5.2 ng/ml sodium selenite (all from Sigma-Aldrich), and antibiotics as above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AKT Signaling Mediates IGF-I Survival Actions on Otic Neural Progenitors

et al. 2012

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BackgroundOtic neurons and sensory cells derive from common progenitors whose transition into mature cells requires the coordination of cell survival, proliferation and differentiation programmes. Neurotrophic support and survival of post-mitotic otic neurons have been intensively studied, but the bases underlying the regulation of programmed cell death in immature proliferative otic neuroblasts remains poorly understood. The protein kinase AKT acts as a node, playing a critical role in controlling cell survival and cell cycle progression. AKT is activated by trophic factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), through the generation of the lipidic second messenger phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Here we have investigated the role of IGF-dependent activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway in maintenance of otic neuroblasts.Methodology/Principal FindingsBy using a combination of organotypic cultures of chicken (Gallus gallus) otic vesicles and acoustic-vestibular ganglia, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we show that IGF-I-activation of AKT protects neural progenitors from programmed cell death. IGF-I maintains otic neuroblasts in an undifferentiated and proliferative state, which is characterised by the upregulation of the forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) transcription factor. By contrast, our results indicate that post-mitotic p27Kip-positive neurons become IGF-I independent as they extend their neuronal processes. Neurons gradually reduce their expression of the Igf1r, while they increase that of the neurotrophin receptor, TrkC.Conclusions/SignificanceProliferative otic neuroblasts are dependent on the activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway by IGF-I for survival during the otic neuronal progenitor phase of early inner ear development.

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Temporal and spatial regulation of α6 integrin expression during the development of the cochlear‐vestibular ganglion

Cited by 23 publications

References 51 publications

Cochleovestibular nerve development is integrated with migratory neural crest cells

Cochleovestibular nerve development is integrated with migratory neural crest cells

Comparative expression analysis of POU4F1, POU4F2 and ISL1 in developing mouse cochleovestibular ganglion neurons

AKT Signaling Mediates IGF-I Survival Actions on Otic Neural Progenitors

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