TEMPO addition into pre-irradiated fluoropolymers and living-radical graft polymerization of styrene for preparation of polymer electrolyte membranes

Radiation-Grafted Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: Current Trends and Future Directions

“…Similar PEMs containing SA with higher DGs were prepared using a three-step procedure involving the addition of TEMPO onto preirradiated PVDF and ETFE films, the TEMPO-mediated living radical grafting of St into the films at 125 °C, followed by sulfonation . The PEMs were found to have homogeneous distribution of SA (at a DG of 38%) with a maximum IEC of 2.2 mmol g –1 and a proton conductivity of 160 mS cm –1 .…”

“…Combining RIG with mediated living radical graft polymerization techniques such as ATRP followed by functionalization is yet another approach that has been used to introduce side chain grafts with controlled molecular weights. − This should help to improve the homogeneity and the physicochemical properties of the PEMs. The preparation procedures have been established for these membranes.…”

Radiation-grafted materials for energy conversion and energy storage applications

“…Similar proton-exchange membrane containing sulfonic acid with higher degree of grafting were prepared by three-step procedure involving addition of TEMPO-onto preirradiated PVDF and ETFE films, TEMPO-mediated LRGP of styrene into the films at 125°C followed by sulfonation [154]. The PEMs were found to have homogenous distribution of -SO 3 -and showed maximum IEC of 2.2 mmol/g and proton conductivity of 1.6×10 −1 S/cm at 38% degree of grafting.…”

Analysis of pyrolysis products of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

“…One of application fields of fluorinated polymers is polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) because fluorinated polymers have good chemical and thermal stabilities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-co-HFP)) has been also used for PEM [6][7][8].…”