Templates of the cartilage layers of the patellofemoral joint and their use in the assessment of osteoarthritic cartilage damage

Cohen, Zohara A.; Mow, Van C.; Henry, Jack; Levine, William N.; Ateshian, Gerard A.

doi:10.1016/s1063-4584(03)00091-8

Cited by 72 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The patellar cartilage thickness is approximately 4 mm [3,6], although there is progressive thinning after the age of 50 years [16], presumably a normal aging process. The cartilage thickness in patients in our CT-based study was on average 2.5 mm and one possible reason may be all of these patients were older than 60 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Width:thickness Ratio of the Patella

Iranpour

Merican

Amis

et al. 2008

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Establishing the appropriate size of the patellar implant-bone composite is one of the important steps ensuring functional success in arthroplasty. Conventionally, the patella is measured intraoperatively and its thickness is used to guide the depth of resection. However, in a diseased joint, this may not reflect the native patellar thickness. We studied the relationship between the patellar thickness and various patellar dimensions on threedimensional reconstructed computed tomographic scans from 37 normal adult knees. Patellar width correlated with thickness. The average patellar width:thickness ratio was 2.0 (standard deviation, 0.106; 95% confidence interval,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Width:thickness Ratio of the Patella

Iranpour

Merican

Amis

et al. 2008

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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“…In order to track local/regional thickness changes over time, techniques for displaying regional thickness patterns have been developed (91,94,100,(113)(114)(115). These techniques have also been applied to the detection of cartilage lesions, but only a limited number of thickness intervals can be displayed with a limited number of color codes or gray levels.…”

Section: Image Analysis Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These local errors are relatively large in comparison with the average cartilage thickness (ThC) in the human knee, but are not surprising, given the limited section thickness of MR images. Cohen et al (114) used matching techniques to generate templates of 'normal' regional cartilage thickness from several healthy subjects and matched thickness maps from patients to these, in order to identify regions of cartilage loss.…”

Section: Image Analysis Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative MRI of cartilage and bone: degenerative changes in osteoarthritis

2006

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quantitative image analysis technology has recently started to generate a great wealth of quantitative information on articular cartilage and bone physiology, pathophysiology and degenerative changes in osteoarthritis. This paper reviews semiquantitative scoring of changes of articular tissues (e.g. WORMS ¼ whole-organ MRI scoring or KOSS ¼ knee osteoarthritis scoring system), quantification of cartilage morphology (e.g. volume and thickness), quantitative measurements of cartilage composition (e.g. T 2 , T 1rho , T 1Gd ¼ dGEMRIC index) and quantitative measurement of bone structure (e.g. app. BV/TV, app. TbTh, app. Tb.N, app. Tb.Sp) in osteoarthritis. For each of these fields we describe the hardware and MRI sequences available, the image analysis systems and techniques used to derive semiquantitative and quantitative parameters, the technical accuracy and precision of the measurements reported to date and current results from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in osteoarthritis. Moreover, the paper summarizes studies that have compared MRI-based measurements with radiography and discusses future perspectives of quantitative MRI in osteoarthritis. In summary, the above methodologies show great promise for elucidating the pathophysiology of various tissues and identifying risk factors of osteoarthritis, for developing structure modifying drugs (DMOADs) and for combating osteoarthritis with new and better therapy. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.KEYWORDS: osteoarthritis; joint; cartilage; bone; magnetic resonance imaging; knee; image analysis; disease-modifying drugs RATIONALE FOR QUANTITATIVE MRI OF CARTILAGE AND BONE IN OSTEOARTHRITISThe health and integrity of diarthrodial (synovial) joints are prerequisites for pain-free movement and have a major impact on the quality of life. However, the population of individuals above the age of 65 years is rapidly growing and 70% of the women and 60% of the men aged 65 years or older suffer from degenerative joint disease [¼ osteoarthritis (OA)] (1-7). OA has been defined by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) as a 'heterogeneous group of conditions that leads to joint symptoms and signs which are associated with defective integrity of articular cartilage, in addition to related changes in the underlying bone at the joint margins'. It remains an open question whether the initial changes take place in cartilage or bone or other articular tissues and, more importantly, what the causal relationship between these changes is (5-19). Also, within each NMR IN BIOMEDICINE NMR Biomed. 2006; 19: 822-854 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI:10.1002/nbm.1063 narrowing; JSW, joint space width; K, knee; KLG, Kellgren Lawrence grade; KOSS, knee osteoarthritis scoring system; LF, lateral femoral condyle; LT, lateral tibia; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MF, medial femoral condyle; MT, medial tibia; OA, osteoarthritis; OAI, Osteoarthritis Initiative; P, patella; PGs, proteoglycans;...

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“…Stammberger et al proposed elastic registration of 3D cartilage surfaces to detect local changes in cartilage thickness; in both synthetic and volunteer data, thickness differences recovered from the registration method were similar to that from using Euclidean distance transformations (Stammberger et al, 2000). Cohen et al generated templates of cartilage of the patellofemoral joint and demonstrated the potential of using the standard thickness maps by comparing it with thickness maps generated for individual patients to identify regions with maximum loss of cartilage in patients with Osteoarthritis (Cohen et al, 2003). Recently, Carballido-Gamio et al performed inter-subject comparison of knee cartilage thickness after registration to a common reference space (Carballido-Gamio et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%