“…[27,28] Main strategies such as structure design and compositing with carbon-based materials (graphene and carbon nanotubes) have been proposed. [7,16,24,29,30] For structure design, combination of nanomaterials with morphological design such as sphere, [9,21,[28][29][30][31] sheets, [32,33] wire, [11,24,34] hollow structure, [9,12,35,36] and cubes [25,36,37] has been proved to be an effective way, and can effectively shorten diffusion distance of Li + and buffer the drastic volume change of materials during Li + insertion/ extraction process.…”