Template-assisted in situ polymerization for forming blue organic light-emitting nanotubes

Abstract

A functional monomer was thermally polymerized inside the anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) channel into nanotubes, which were isolated and characterized to be semiconductive and blue fluorescent, and were utilized as nano-containers of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to form magnetic nanocomposites.

Polymerization within Nanoporous Anodized Alumina Oxide Templates (AAO): A Critical Survey

“…Recently, Lee et al [ 123 ] studied the thermal polymerization of the functional vinyl monomer based on diarylamino groups attached to a rigid and planar fluorene core (VB-FNPD) inside AAO channels with the aim of obtaining nanotubes that could be employed as nanocontainers for Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and thus make organic light-emitting polymer nanotubes. The functional VB-FNPD monomer, which contained diarylamino groups attached to a rigid and planar fluorene core to give the monomer efficient blue fluorescence, was polymerized thermally inside an AAO template.…”

“…They analyzed their electrical properties as well as their field emission properties, for which they observed a low threshold electric field (5–6 V/μm) and maximum emission current density of ∼5 mA/cm 2 , which suggest the applicability of this material for the development of field emission displays. Lee et al produced semiconducting nanotubes by thermal polymerization of the monomer conjugated VB-FNPD ([ 123 ]). They characterized the I-V response of single nanotubes and calculated conductivity values of 3.2–5.6 × 10 −6 S cm −1 .…”

“…( e ) The nanocomposites attracted to one side of the vial by a magnet and ( f ) excited by UV. ( g ) The TEM image of Fe 3 O 4 NP–OLET nanocomposites [ 123 ]. Copyright 2014.…”

In Situ Synthesis of Poly(butyl methacrylate) in Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanoreactors by Radical Polymerization: A Comparative Kinetics Analysis by Differential Scanning Calorimetry and 1H-NMR

“…Very recently, the “in situ” polymerization of a monomer in AAO templates has been presented as an alternative and complementary method to prepare the same polymer morphologies, without the limitations of strong polymer infiltration conditions and, therefore, extending the possibilities of nanostructuring to the entire library of polymers, including polymers that cannot be dissolved or molten. Nevertheless, only few studies have been reported in the literature dealing with polymerization kinetics although the interest in the “in situ” polymerization method has increased in recent years [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. The studies go from free radical polymerization of different monomers to different polymerization mechanisms.…”

A review on the progress of polymer nanostructures with modulated morphologies and properties, using nanoporous AAO templates

“…Nair et al [179] reported the Ziegler-Natta polymerization of ethylene inside nanochannels of AAO template; functional acidic pyrrole containing oxidizable monomers have been template-polymerized using a hard AAO template in liquid phase polymerization conditions [180]; Polybenzyl glutamate has been surface grafted within nanoporous AAO templates and optically characterized [181,182] and Grimm et al [161] reported the oligoetheracrylate photopolymerization with the aid of an 4 wt % of a free-radical photoinitiator into the AAO hard templates at room temperature and the formation of nanofibers consisting of cross-linked polyacrylate inside the nanopores that were connected with a cross-linked polyacrylate film on top of the AAO hard template (figure 14). Recently, a functional monomer was thermally polymerized inside the anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) channel into nanotubes, which were isolated and characterized to be semiconductive and blue fluorescent, and used as nano-containers of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to form magnetic nanocomposites [183]. Previously, polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubes with highly uniform surface and tunable wall thickness were fabricated by one-step vapor deposition polymerization using anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) template membranes and transformed into carbon nanotubes through a carbonization process [184].…”