Template Assisted Electrochemical Growth of Cobalt Nanowires: Influence of Deposition Conditions on Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties

Cortés, Andrea; Lavín, R.; Denardin, Juliano C.; Marotti, Ricardo E.; Dalchiele, Enrique A.; Valdivia, Patricio; Gómez, H.

doi:10.1166/jnn.2011.3826

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…6,7 This is typically qualitatively concluded from the differences in the hysteresis loops shape between parallel and perpendicular applied magnetic field configurations.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…[3][4][5][6][7] Particularly, it has been shown that pH-controlled electroplating enables the switching between fcc and hcp-Co phases, which modifies the magnetization easy axis from parallel to perpendicular to the wires. 6,7 This is typically qualitatively concluded from the differences in the hysteresis loops shape between parallel and perpendicular applied magnetic field configurations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Magnetic anisotropy in ordered textured Co nanowires

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et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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The magnetization reversal in ordered arrays of Co nanowires with tailored hcp-phase texture, controlled by pH synthesis and nanowires length, has been investigated. The angular dependence of coercivity has been experimentally determined for different crystal textures, and the corresponding magnetization reversal mode is interpreted by analytical modelling. The results show that reversal takes place by propagation of a transverse-like domain wall mode. The fitting of experimental and calculated data allows us the quantitative evaluation of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant strength whose magnetization easy direction evolves from parallel to the wires toward in-plane orientation with the change of hcp-phase texture. The simple geometry and high aspect ratios of arrays of magnetic nanowires make them a model system for the study of magnetic phenomena in uniaxial nanomagnets for modern devices applications.1,2 While ultrasoft magnetic nanowires (i.e., permalloy) have been exhaustively investigated, Co nanowires form a particularly interesting system as it is a hard magnetic material which magnetic properties strongly depend on their crystal structure (i.e., phases, texture, and grain size). The control of the orientation of hcp-c axis (i.e., magnetization easy axis of magnetocristalline anisotropy, K mc ) results in the control of the Co nanowires effective anisotropy. A strong longitudinal magnetic anisotropy is achieved when the c axis is oriented parallel to the nanowires, so reinforcing the shape anisotropy. Since the magnetization reversal process is determined by the strength and orientation of the effective magnetic anisotropy, its detailed control and understanding will benefit advances in those applications.In Co nanowires prepared by electrochemical route, crystalline structure can be tuned by adjusting fabrication parameters as current density, plating time, pH, pore diameter, or annealing and deposition under external magnetic fields.3-7 Particularly, it has been shown that pH-controlled electroplating enables the switching between fcc and hcp-Co phases, which modifies the magnetization easy axis from parallel to perpendicular to the wires. 6,7 This is typically qualitatively concluded from the differences in the hysteresis loops shape between parallel and perpendicular applied magnetic field configurations.To achieve full understanding of the magnetization reversal defined by a given anisotropy, the study of coercivity and, specifically of its angular dependence, is an useful tool. Different reversal modes can be induced by suitable modification of the K mc parameter. This feature is relevant for the design of hybrid systems, as multilayers of different Co crystallographic structures, and consequently different controlled reversal modes, which is of interest in spintronic and microwaves devices. Previous works on Co/Cu multilayer nanowires 8 show that competing anisotropies can be present in nanowires. The control of magnetic anisotropy in these nanostructured systems is very important both fo...

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“…6,7 This is typically qualitatively concluded from the differences in the hysteresis loops shape between parallel and perpendicular applied magnetic field configurations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic anisotropy in ordered textured Co nanowires

Vivas

Escrig

Trabada

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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“…A special attention in recent investigations is focused on one-dimensional magnetic nanostructures such as nanowires. The control of geometrical parameters of nanowires and their structure determined by process parameters, allows one to tune the magnetic properties [1,2], offering a variety of applications from high density magnetic recording media to high quality sensors and microwave devices [3]. The magnetic multilayered nanowires composed of alternatively aligned magnetic and non-magnetic layers represent an important family of materials attractive for GMR sensor applications [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Cu Layer Thickness on Morphology and Magnetic Properties of Co/Cu Nanowires

et al. 2018

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We studied changes of morphology and magnetic properties of Co/Cu multilayered nanowires, electrodeposited in polycarbonate membranes, as a function of Cu layer thickness. The morphology and structure of wire assemblies with an average diameter of 200 nm and length of 10 µm, investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques, revealed polycrystalline structure of Cu and Co layers with smooth lateral surface of nanowires. Overdeposited nanowires created caps which showed flower-like dendrites with shape changing as a function of Cu thickness and electrodeposition parameters. Chemical composition of Co and Cu nanowires analysed by energy dispersive spectroscopy and proton induced X-ray emission showed Cu nanowires free from Co atoms while in Co nanowires, Cu contamination with concentration below 10% was observed. The oxidation traces observed in single-component Cu nanowires did not appear in multilayered nanowires. Magnetic measurements indicated easy axis of magnetization in membrane plane for nanowires with Cu thickness smaller than 20 nm, whereas for larger Cu thicknesses isotropic orientation of magnetization was observed. The presence of Cu atoms in single-component Co nanowires resulted in the appearance of magnetic anisotropy with easy axis along nanowire axis and the increase of coercivity value.

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“…In Co nanowires, the crystalline structure can be tuned by varying the growth parameters such as applied voltage, dimensions (diameter, length) or annealing and deposition under external magnetic fields [13][14][15]. Particularly, the pH-controlled electroplating enables the switching between fcc and hcp-Co crystal phases, which modifies the magnetization easy axis from parallel to perpendicular to the wires [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%