Tempering Effects of Multitrack Laser Surface Heat Treatment of AISI 1045 Steel

Kung, Chi-Liang; Shih, Hao-En; Hsu, Chao-Ming; Chen, Cheng-Yi

doi:10.18494/sam.2019.2229

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Laser irradiation permits the creation of the high densities of heat flow in a small surface area necessary for intense heating or melting of metallic materials [23][24][25]. The occurring effects of the interaction between the beam and the metal depend on the ratio of exposure time to relaxation time, as well as on the power density of the laser beam during processing of alloys [26][27][28]. Phase transformations confined to micro volumes can be explained by the known state diagrams of these alloys.…”

Section: Optical Systems For the Shaping Of Laser Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Advantages of Laser Processing of Aerospace Materials Using Diffractive Optics

Murzin

Kazanskiy

Stiglbrunner

2021

Metals

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We considered possibilities of an application of diffractive free-form optics in laser processing of metallic materials in aerospace production. Based on the solution of the inverse problem of heat conduction, an algorithm was developed that calculates the spatial distribution of the power density of laser irradiation in order to create the required thermal effect in materials. It was found that the use of diffractive optics for the laser beam shaping made it possible to obtain specified properties of processed materials. Laser thermal hardening of parts made of chrome–nickel–molybdenum steel was performed. This allowed us to increase the wear resistance due to the creation in the surface layer of a structure that has an increased hardness. In addition, a method of laser annealing of sheet materials from aluminum–magnesium alloy and low-alloy titanium alloys was developed. Application of this method has opened opportunities for expanding the forming options of these materials and for improving the precision in the manufacturing of aircraft engine parts. It was also shown that welding by a pulsed laser beam with a redistribution of power and energy density makes it possible to increase the strength of the welded joint of a heat-resistant nickel-based superalloy. Increasing the adhesion strength of gas turbine engine parts became possible by laser treatment using diffractive free-form optics.

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Section: Optical Systems For the Shaping Of Laser Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Advantages of Laser Processing of Aerospace Materials Using Diffractive Optics

Murzin

Kazanskiy

Stiglbrunner

2021

Metals

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“…The heat flow during the welding process has an important hole about phases transformations and consequentially about resulting p-ISSN : 1412-114X e-ISSN : 2580-5649 http://ojs2.pnb.ac.id/index.php/LOGIC microstructure and materials mechanical properties. [6,7,8]. Preheat or preheating [9] is heat given to the parent metal at a certain temperature which is done to slow down the cooling rate so as to produce a metal structure that is more ductile and resistant to cracking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Strength Analysis of AISI 1045 Steel Results of Smaw Welding Using Variations of Preheat and Cooling Media

Pranoto

Subagiyo

Setiawan

et al. 2022

LOGIC

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In the welding process, there are many factors that need to be considered, including heat input, cooling rate, the material being welded, and the use of added materials, if these factors are not considered, they can cause cracks in the American Iron & Steel Institute (AISI) 1045 material. to determine the effect of preheat variations on tensile strength, the effect of cooling media on tensile strength, and to determine the interaction of preheat variations and cooling media on tensile strength. This research method used experimentally by varying the preheat temperature 250⁰C, 325⁰C, 400⁰C, and the cooling medium was lime, sand, and normal air, then tensile test was carried out. The results showed that the cooling medium affected the tensile strength with the highest tensile strength of 64.35 kg/mm2 on the sand cooling medium, while the preheat variation had no effect on the tensile strength as shown by a graph close to the horizontal straight at the tensile strength ranging from 60 kg/mm2, interaction between preheat and cooling medium has no effect on tensile strength. This is indicated by the tensile strength values that are almost close to each preheat point, namely at a temperature of 250⁰C between 53-67 kg/mm2, at 325⁰C between 56-60 kg/mm2, and a temperature of 400⁰C between 51-64 kg/mm2. In this study it can be concluded that a good cooling medium uses sand media with a preheat temperature of 250⁰C.

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“…1 However, excessive overlapping of the hardened track causes an adverse effect, such as reduction in surface hardness in the overlapping areas. 2,3 In order to prevent this, a single pass of the laser beam is desired to create a uniform hardened zone. Customized laser beam shapes have been reported to influence the appearance of the treated area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of laser beam oscillation strategies on surface treatment of microalloyed steel

Dewi

Volpp

2020

Journal of Laser Applications

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The depth homogeneity of laser-treated zones is one possible factor to define the quality and efficacy of altered mechanical properties in materials. For instance, half-rounded cross-sectional shapes of laser hardened zones using Gaussian beams provide dissimilar hardened depth in the edges and center of the treated area. This means that the in-depth distribution of compressive residual stress varies between the edges and the center of the hardened area. Nonhomogeneity of compressive residual stress distributions can inhibit fatigue properties and can lead to product failure. The utilization of oscillated laser beams has been proven to improve the welding efficiency and energy input distribution to the material, which promises achieving a homogeneous depth of laser-treated zones in hardening applications. Therefore, this work examines the influence of triangular, square, and circular beam oscillation strategies on the energy input distribution during the process and the geometry of the laser-treated zones on microalloyed steel. Laser beam pathways were assembled using a vector graphic editor to visualize the energy distribution from each oscillation strategy. Cross section images of the hardened tracks were taken and related to the thermal energy input profiles. It was revealed that each oscillation strategy demonstrates characteristic temporal and spatial thermal energy input distribution, influencing the geometry of the hardened zone. The circular oscillation strategy produced a widely constant depth in contrary to the triangular and square beam oscillation due to its characteristic energy distribution that allows homogeneous heat dissemination in the material. This confirms that the laser beam oscillation strategy can tailor the energy input distribution to optimize the processing outcome.

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Tempering Effects of Multitrack Laser Surface Heat Treatment of AISI 1045 Steel

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Analysis of the Advantages of Laser Processing of Aerospace Materials Using Diffractive Optics

Analysis of the Advantages of Laser Processing of Aerospace Materials Using Diffractive Optics

Tensile Strength Analysis of AISI 1045 Steel Results of Smaw Welding Using Variations of Preheat and Cooling Media

Impact of laser beam oscillation strategies on surface treatment of microalloyed steel

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