Temperature Regulation in the New-Born Ox (Bos taurus)

Thompson, Gregory A.; Clough, D.P.

doi:10.1159/000240206

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The metabolic values for the neonatal calves in the present study were similar to previously reported values for dairy calves Carstens et al, 1987). However, higher values of resting metabolism were reported by Thompson and Clough (1970) and Vermorel et al (1983Vermorel et al ( , 1987. Those higher values possibly were a consequence of the methods and environments used to confine the calves during the metabolic measurements.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Metabolic Heat Production of Neonatal Calves during Hypothermia and Recovery

Robinson

Young

1988

Journal of Animal Science

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Metabolic heat production and rectal temperature were measured in 19 newborn calves (41.8 +/- 3.7 kg) during hypothermia and recovery when four different means of assistance were provided. Hypothermia of 30 degrees C rectal temperature was induced by immersion in 18 degrees C water. Calves were rewarmed in a 20 to 25 degree C air environment where thermal assistance was provided by added thermal insulation or by supplemental heat from infrared lamps. Other calves were rewarmed by immersion in warm water (38 degrees C), with or without a 40-ml drench of 20% ethanol in water. Resting (prehypothermia) and cold-induced summit metabolism of the calves was 2.5 +/- .1 and 8.2 +/- .22 W/kg and occurred at rectal temperatures of 39.5 +/- .06 and 36.2 +/- .26 degrees C, respectively. During cooling, metabolic heat production declined at the rate of .65 W/kg per degrees C decline in rectal temperature. The time required to regain euthermia from a rectal temperature of 30 degrees C was longer for calves with added insulation and those exposed to heat lamps than for the calves in the warm water and warm water plus ethanol treatments (90 and 92 vs 59 and 63 +/- 6.4 min, respectively). During recovery, the calves rewarmed with the added insulation and heat lamps produced more heat metabolically than the calves rewarmed in warm water. Total heat production during recovery was 34.1, 31.1, 18.3, 16.9 +/- 1.07 kJ/kg for the calves with added insulation, exposed to the heat lamps, in warm water and in warm water plus an oral drench of ethanol, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Cold-induced metabolism of calves of less than 1 wk of age has been investigated by Gonzalez-Jimenez and Blaxter (1962), Thompson and Clough (1970), Vermorel et al (1983Vermorel et al ( , 1987 and Okamoto et al (1986). However, the dependence of maximum cold-induced metabolic rate on the hypothermic state of the neonatal calf is not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Heat Production of Neonatal Calves during Hypothermia and Recovery

Robinson

Young

1988

Journal of Animal Science

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“…(1963) and Thompson and Clough (19'10) 1986), heat production cannot meet the heat loss of wet calves held at20"C during the first hour of life (Thompson and Clough 1970 (Thompson and Clough 1970) is similar to the resting metabolism of our HF calves in a 37.5'C water bath and l0% higher than the values obtained by Okamoto et al (1986) in similar conditions. However, the 10'C environmental temperature in the respiration chambers caused a 4l% increase in resting HP of dried HF calves; this agrees with the results of Thompson and Clough (1970), who showed that the thermogenesis of dried Friesian calves held at 5oC was 72% higher than at 25'C. Eales and Small (1981) after a colostrum meal but not by Okamoto et al (1986) Levieux 1978) or from breed differences (Levieux 1984).…”

supporting

confidence: 48%

“…La temp6rature rectale (RT) et la production de chaleur (HP) de 10 veaux Hostein x Frison (HF), 10 veaux Salers (S) et 7 veaux Charolais (CH) de bonne vitalit6, maintenus e 10"C, ont 6t6 mesur6es en continu au cours du premier jour de (Martin et al 1975), Thermoregulation or energy metabolism was studied in Black-and-white or Red-and-white calves during the first hours or the first days of life (Roy et al1957;Markovic 1963; Thompson and Clough 1970;Olsson et al 1981;Okamoto et al 1986 and glutamate (glutamate dehydrogenase).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Metabolism and Thermoregulation in the Newborn Calf; Variations During the First Day of Life and Differences Between Breeds

Vermorel¹,

Vernet²,

Saido³

et al. 1989

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Calves are born with approximately 1 °C higher rectal temperature than the adult animal but this temperature decreases within the first six hours to normal values (Thompson and Clough, 1970). The cause seems to be the loss of heat from the moist fur.…”

Section: Effects Of Cold On Young Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and the welfare in intensive calf farming systems

2012

EFSA Journal

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Information given in previous Opinions "Welfare of cattle kept for beef production" (SCAHAW, 2001) and "The risks of poor welfare in intensive calf farming systems" (EFSA, 2006) is updated and recent scientific evidence on the topics reviewed. Risks of poor welfare are identified using a structured analysis, and issues not identified in the SCAHAW (2001) beef Opinion, especially effects of housing and management on enteric and respiratory diseases are reviewed. The Opinion covers all systems of beef production, although the welfare of suckler cows or breeding bulls is not considered. The Chapter on beef cattle presents new evidence and recommendations in relation to heat and cold stress, mutilations and pain management, digestive disorders linked to high concentrate feeds and respiratory disorders linked to overstocking, inadequate ventilation, mixing of animals and failure of early diagnosis and treatment. Major welfare problems in cattle kept for beef production, as identified by risk assessment, were respiratory diseases linked to overstocking, inadequate ventilation, mixing of animals and failure of early diagnosis and treatment, digestive disorders linked to intensive concentrate feeding, lack of physically effective fibre in the diet, and behavioural disorders linked to inadequate floor space, and co-mingling in the feedlot. Major hazards for white veal calves were considered to be iron-deficiency anaemia, a direct consequence of dietary iron restriction, enteric diseases linked to high intakes of liquid feed and inadequate intake of physically effective fibre, discomfort and behavioural disorders linked to inadequate floors and floor space. © European Food Safety Authority, 2012 KEY WORDSBeef cattle welfare, welfare of calves in intensive farming systems, risk assessment, updates. SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) was asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and of calves in intensive farming systems.The European Commission is in the process of evaluating the European Union policy on animal welfare, taking account of socio-economic and trade issues. The overall aim is to improve the welfare of animals. To this end, the Commission requested EFSA to give an independent view on animalbased measures for the assessment of welfare in cattle, pigs and poultry. Before starting this work for beef cattle and calves, the Commission requested an update of scientific evidence relating to the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and calves in intensive farming systems; in particular, to consider the extent to which the conclusions and recommendations of two previous Scientific Opinions were still valid. These Opinions were the "Welfare of cattle kept for beef production" (SCAHAW, 2001) and "The risks of poor welfare in intensive calf farming systems" (EFSA, 2006).The SCAHAW (2001) Opinion "The Welfare of Cattle kept for Beef Production" differed from EFSA Opinions, in that it did not includ...

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Temperature Regulation in the New-Born Ox (Bos taurus)

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Metabolic Heat Production of Neonatal Calves during Hypothermia and Recovery

Metabolic Heat Production of Neonatal Calves during Hypothermia and Recovery

Energy Metabolism and Thermoregulation in the Newborn Calf; Variations During the First Day of Life and Differences Between Breeds

Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and the welfare in intensive calf farming systems

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