Temperature modeling for reaction development in microwave-assisted chemistry

Holmes, Andrew O; Yang, Chuqiao; Yakovlev, Vadim V.

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2013.6697713

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Between 2004 and 2005, Hayes [52], and Hayes and Collins [53] developed the technique of forced air cooling of the outer surface of a vessel containing polar chemicals while administering microwave irradiation, the source of this approach meant it became named as "enhanced microwave synthesis" (EMS). The aim here, is to impart microwave energy directly into the polar molecules, whistle maintaining a relatively low bulk temperature, to induce an increased target product yield by preventing side reactions.…”

Section: Multimode Temperature Control Microwave-assisted Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-Assisted Au and Ag Nanoparticle Synthesis: An Energy Phase-Space Projection Analysis

Law¹,

Dowling²

2023

AJAC

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Microwave-assisted synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles, as a function of Green Chemistry, non Green Chemistry, and four applicator types are reported. The applicator types are Domestic microwave ovens, commercial temperature controlled microwave chemistry ovens (TCMC), digesters, and axial field helical antennae. For each of these microwave applicators the process energy budget where estimated (Watts multiplied by process time = kJ) and energy density (applied energy divided by suspension volume = kJ⋅ml −1 ) range between 180 ± 176.8 kJ, and 79.5 ± 79 kJ⋅ml −1 , respectively. The axial field helical field antenna applicator is found to be the most energy efficient (0.253 kJ⋅m −1 per kJ, at 36 W). Followed by microwave ovens (4.47 ± 3.9 kJ⋅ml −1 per 76.83 ± 39 kJ), and TCMC ovens (2.86 ± 2.3 kJ⋅m −1 per 343 ± 321.5 kJ). The digester applicators have the least energy efficiency (36.2 ± 50.7 kJ⋅m −1 per 1010 ± 620 kJ). A comparison with reconstructed 'non-thermal' microwave oven inactivation microorganism experiments yields a power-law signature of n = 0.846 (R 2 = 0.7923) four orders of magnitude. The paper provides a discussion on the Au and Ag nanoparticle chemistry and bio-chemistry synthesis aspects of the microwave applicator energy datasets and variation within each dataset. The visual and analytical approach within the energy phase-space projection enables a nanoparticle synthesis route to be systematically characterized, and where changes to the synthesis are to be mapped and compared directly with historical datasets. In order to help identify lower cost nanoparticle synthesis, in addition to potentially reduce synthesis energy to routes informed changes to potentially reduce synthesis energy budget, along with nanoparticle morphology and yield.

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Section: Multimode Temperature Control Microwave-assisted Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-Assisted Au and Ag Nanoparticle Synthesis: An Energy Phase-Space Projection Analysis

Law¹,

Dowling²

2023

AJAC

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“…Another 2-D model by Ciacci et al [ 84 ] was implemented with electromagnetic, and heat and mass transfer physics to simulate the microwave drying of woodblocks. Holmes et al [ 85 ] implemented a 3-D mechanistic model to study the thermal change by microwave during a chemical reaction.…”

Section: Mechanistic Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic and Machine Learning Modeling of Microwave Heating Process in Domestic Ovens: A Review

Yang

Chen

2021

Foods

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The domestic microwave oven has been popularly used at home in heating foods for its rapid heating rate and high power efficiency. However, non-uniform heating by microwave is the major drawback that can lead to severe food safety and quality issues. In order to alleviate this problem, modeling of microwave heating process in domestic ovens has been employed to simulate and understand the complicated interactions between microwaves and food products. This paper extensively reviews the mechanistic models with different geometric dimensions and physics/kinetics that simulated the microwave heating process. The model implementation and validation strategies related to the model accuracy and efficiency are also discussed. With the emergence of the machine learning technique, this paper also discusses the recent development of hybrid models that integrate machine learning with mechanistic models in improving microwave heating performance. Besides, pure machine learning models using only experimental data as input are also covered. Further research is needed to improve the model accuracy, efficiency, and ease of use to enable the industrial application of the models in the development of microwave systems and food products.

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“…24,25 As mentioned by Hayes et al, MW synthesis technology minimizes the end product purification process by allowing the environmentally benign solvents for the synthesis and producing high clean products. 26 By combining MW synthesis technology with other green synthesis strategies, such as solvent free reactions, toxic free precursors, etc., it can be made as more appealing green synthesis technique. Because of these features, there is a rapid increase in number of papers devoted to synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials by microwave heating technique.…”

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confidence: 99%

Review—Development of Inorganic Nanostructures by Microwave Synthesis Technique

Rao

Satyanarayana

2021

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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We present an overview of microwave-assisted synthesis method to develop inorganic nanostructured materials, which have received great interest due to their potential applications in different fields of science and technology. The current trend for the adoption of eco-friendly synthesis methods for the preparation of nanomaterials has thrown a challenge to develop synthetic methods that offer significant reduction in reaction time, lower energy consumption and less use of toxic chemicals. The microwave (MW) assisted synthesis route can play the role of a potential green synthesis approach to prepare inorganic nanostructured materials and their composites. In addition, the MW assisted route provides uniform heating throughout the reaction mixture and minimizes the non-uniform temperature profile, which results in the formation of uniform small nanoparticles. This review discusses the basic principles of MW synthesis to understand the MW heating mechanism. In addition, we discuss recent progress on the development of inorganic nanostructures in liquid phase by MW synthesis technique. Finally, we present the application of microwave synthesized nanomaterials in the development of battery technology, followed by safety features and future aspects of MW synthesis.

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Temperature modeling for reaction development in microwave-assisted chemistry

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Microwave-Assisted Au and Ag Nanoparticle Synthesis: An Energy Phase-Space Projection Analysis

Microwave-Assisted Au and Ag Nanoparticle Synthesis: An Energy Phase-Space Projection Analysis

Mechanistic and Machine Learning Modeling of Microwave Heating Process in Domestic Ovens: A Review

Review—Development of Inorganic Nanostructures by Microwave Synthesis Technique

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